metricas
covid
Buscar en
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Antiviral treatment and vaccination for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus: lessons le...
Información de la revista
Vol. 30. Núm. S4.
The first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. The REIPI/SEIMC experience
Páginas 49-53 (octubre 2012)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 30. Núm. S4.
The first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. The REIPI/SEIMC experience
Páginas 49-53 (octubre 2012)
Acceso a texto completo
Antiviral treatment and vaccination for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus: lessons learned from the pandemic
Tratamiento antiviral y vacunación para el virus de la gripe A(H1N1)pdm09: lecciones aprendidas de la pandemia
Visitas
3229
Francisco López-Medranoa,
Autor para correspondencia
flmedrano@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, María Carmen Fariñasb, Antonio Payerasc, Jerónimo Pachónd
a Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
b Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
c Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Mallorca, Spain
d Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Abstract

The influenza pandemic that was declared by the World Health Organization in June 2009 created a new scenario for the use of influenza antivirals and vaccination. The new strain, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, was resistant to amantadine and rimantadine, and the most frequently used antiviral was oseltamivir. Randomized studies were not performed comparing neuraminidase inhibitors with placebo. Nevertheless, experience from prospective and retrospective cohorts indicated that these drugs were useful for improving the prognosis of patients admitted to hospitals, especially for those with more severe disease. Treatment with oseltamivir was associated with a reduction in days of fever, length of hospital stay, use of mechanical ventilation and mortality. Treatment was more effective if it was begun within the first 48 h after the onset of symptoms, but it was also useful if begun later. A safe and effective vaccine to prevent disease from this new influenza strain was available in developed countries soon after the pandemic began; thus, the rate of adverse effects was comparable to that of seasonal influenza vaccines. The main barrier to its use was the concern of target populations about its necessity and safety. Therefore, the challenges for future pandemics will be to increase the population coverage of the vaccine in developed countries and to make it affordable for developing countries.

Keywords:
A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus
Oseltamivir
Neuraminidase inhibitors
Vaccine
Resumen

La pandemia de gripe declarada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud en junio de 2009 abrió un nuevo escenario para el empleo de antivirales y vacunas activos frente a este virus. La nueva cepa de virus de la gripe de tipo A(H1N1)pdm09 era resistente a amantadina y rimantadina. El antiviral más empleado fue oseltamivir. No se desarrollaron estudios aleatorizados de antivirales frente a placebo. No obstante, la experiencia acumulada mediante el estudio de cohortes prospectivas y retrospectivas indica que estos fármacos fueron útiles para mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes ingresados en el hospital, especialmente de aquellos con formas más graves de la enfermedad. El tratamiento con oseltamivir se asoció a una disminución de los días de fiebre, de la duración de la estancia hospitalaria, de la necesidad de ventilación mecánica y de la mortalidad. El tratamiento fue más efectivo cuando se inició en las primeras 48 h desde el inicio de los síntomas pero fue útil incluso cuando se inició más tarde. La vacuna activa frente a esta nueva cepa estuvo disponible en los países desarrollados poco tiempo después de la declaración de la pandemia, demostrando eficacia y seguridad. La tasa de efectos adversos fue comparable a la de las vacunas de la gripe estacional. El mayor obstáculo para su empleo fueron las dudas sobre su eficacia y seguridad por parte de las poblaciones susceptibles de ser vacunadas. Por tanto, el reto para futuras pandemias será aumentar la cobertura vacunal en los países desarrollados y conseguir que la vacuna esté disponible para los países en vías de desarrollo.

Palabras clave:
Virus de la gripe A (H1N1)pdm09
Oseltamivir
Inhibidores de la neuraminidasa
Vacuna
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
R. Pérez-Padilla, D. De la Rosa-Zamboni, S. Ponce de Leon, M. Hernandez, F. Quiñones-Falconi, E. Bautista, INER Working Group on Influenza, et al.
Pneumonia and respiratory failure from swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) in Mexico.
N Engl J Med, 361 (2009), pp. 680-689
[2.]
E. Bautista, T. Chotpitayasunondh, Z. Gao, S.A. Harper, M. Shaw, T.M. Uyeki, et al.
Clinical aspects of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.
N Engl J Med, 362 (2010), pp. 1708-1719
[3.]
Surveillance Group for New Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Investigation and Control in Spain.
New influenza A(H1N1) virus infections in Spain, April-May 2009.
Euro Surveill, 14 (2009), pp. 19209
[4.]
Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention (CDC).
Update: drug susceptibility of swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) viruses, April 2009.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 58 (2009), pp. 433-435
[5.]
A. Moscona.
Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza.
N Engl J Med, 353 (2005), pp. 1363-1373
[6.]
T. Jefferson, M. Jones, P. Doshi, C. Del Mar.
Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMJ, 339 (2009), pp. b5106
[7.]
T. Jefferson, M.A. Jones, P. Doshi, C.B. Del Mar, C.J. Heneghan, R. Hama, et al.
Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults and children.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 1 (2012), pp. CD008965
[8.]
J. Hsu, N. Santesso, R. Mustafa, J. Brozek, Y.L. Chen, J.P. Hopkins, et al.
Antivirals for treatment of influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Ann Intern Med, 156 (2012), pp. 512-524
[9.]
D. Viasus, J.R. Paño-Pardo, J. Pachón, A. Campins, F. López-Medrano, A. Villoslada, Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Study Group of the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), et al.
Factors associated with severe disease in hospitalized adults with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in Spain.
Clin Microbiol Infect, 17 (2011), pp. 738-746
[10.]
D. Viasus, J.R. Paño-Pardo, J. Pachón, M. Riera, F. López-Medrano, A. Payeras, et al.
Timing of oseltamivir administration and outcomes in hospitalized adults with pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus infection.
Chest, 140 (2011), pp. 1025-1032
[11.]
D. Viasus, J.R. Paño-Pardo, J. Pachón, M. Riera, F. López-Medrano, A. Payeras, Novel Influenza A(H1N1) Study Group of the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), et al.
Pneumonia complicating pandemic (H1N1) 2009: risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes.
Medicine (Baltimore), 90 (2011), pp. 328-336
[12.]
A. Kumar.
Early versus late oseltamivir treatment in severely ill patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1): speed is life.
J Antimicrob Chemother, 66 (2011), pp. 959-963
[13.]
Y.S. Chien, C.P. Su, H.T. Tsai, A.S. Huang, C.E. Lien, M.N. Hung, et al.
Predictors and outcomes of respiratory failure among hospitalized pneumonia patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza in Taiwan.
J Infect, 60 (2010), pp. 168-174
[14.]
H. Yu, Q. Liao, Y. Yuan, L. Zhou, N. Xiang, Y. Huai, et al.
Effectiveness of oseltamivir on disease progression and viral RNA shedding in patients with mild pandemic 2009 influenza A H1N1: opportunistic retrospective study of medical charts in China.
BMJ, 341 (2010), pp. c4779
[15.]
L.M. Ling, A.L. Chow, D.C. Lye, A.S. Tan, P. Krishnan, L. Cui, et al.
Effects of early oseltamivir therapy on viral shedding in 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.
Clin Infect Dis, 50 (2010), pp. 963-969
[16.]
J.R. Smith, C.R. Rayner, B. Donner, M. Wollenhaupt, K. Klumpp, R. Dutkowski.
Oseltamivir in seasonal, pandemic, and avian influenza: a comprehensive review of 10-years clinical experience.
Adv Ther, 28 (2011), pp. 927-959
[17.]
G. Domínguez-Cherit, S.E. Lapinsky, A.E. Macias, R. Pinto, L. Espinosa-Perez, A. De la Torre, et al.
Critically ill patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in Mexico.
JAMA, 302 (2009), pp. 1880-1887
[18.]
S.E. Coffin, K. Leckerman, R. Keren, M. Hall, R. Localio, T.E. Zaoutis.
Oseltamivir shortens hospital stays of critically ill children hospitalized with seasonal influenza: a retrospective cohort study.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 30 (2011), pp. 962-966
[19.]
J.K. Louie, M. Acosta, D.J. Jamieson, M.A. Honein.
Severe 2009 H1N1 influenza in pregnant and postpartum women in California.
N Engl J Med, 362 (2010), pp. 27-35
[20.]
L.G. Mosby, S.A. Rasmussen, D.J. Jamieson.
2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in pregnancy: a systematic review of the literature.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 205 (2011), pp. 10-18
[21.]
A.M. Siston, S.A. Rasmussen, M.A. Honein, A.M. Fry, K. Seib, W.M. Callaghan, et al.
Pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus illness among pregnant women in the United States.
JAMA, 303 (2010), pp. 1517-1525
[22.]
D. Kumar, M.G. Michaels, M.I. Morris, M. Green, R.K. Avery, C. Liu, et al.
Outcomes from pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection in recipients of solid-organ transplants: a multicentre cohort study.
Lancet Infect Dis, 10 (2010), pp. 521-526
[23.]
C.L. Cooper.
Pandemic H1N12009 influenza and HIV: a review of natural history, management and vaccine immunogenicity.
Curr Opin Infect Dis, 25 (2012), pp. 26-35
[24.]
M. Riera, A. Payeras, M.A. Marcos, D. Viasus, M.C. Fariñas, F. Segura, et al.
Clinical presentation and prognosis of the 2009 H1N1 influenza A infection in HIV-1-infected patients: a Spanish multicenter study.
[25.]
A.C. Hurt, T. Chotpitayasunondh, N.J. Cox, R. Daniels, A.M. Fry, L.V. Gubareva, et al.
Antiviral resistance during the 2009 influenza A H1N1 pandemic: public health, laboratory, and clinical perspectives.
Lancet Infect Dis, 12 (2012), pp. 240-248
[26.]
J. Ledesma, D. Vicente, F. Pozo, G. Cilla, S.P. Castro, J.S. Fernández, Spanish Influenza Surveillance System (SISS), et al.
Oseltamivir-resistant pandemic influenza a (H1N1) 2009 viruses in Spain.
J Clin Virol, 51 (2011), pp. 205-208
[27.]
A.H. Gaur, B. Bagga, S. Barman, R. Hayden, A. Lamptey, J.M. Hoffman, et al.
Intravenous zanamivir for oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 influenza.
N Engl J Med, 362 (2010), pp. 88-89
[28.]
A. Sorbello, S.C. Jones, W. Carter, K. Struble, R. Boucher, M. Truffa, et al.
Emergency Use Authorization for Intravenous Peramivir: Evaluation of Safety in the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients Infected With 2009 H1N1 Influenza A Virus.
Clin Infect Dis, 55 (2012), pp. 1-7
[29.]
D. Viasus, J.R. Paño-Pardo, E. Cordero, A. Campins, F. López-Medrano, A. Villoslada, et al.
Effect of immunomodulatory therapies in patients with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 complicated by pneumonia.
J Infect, 62 (2011), pp. 193-199
[30.]
M.E. Falagas, E.K. Vouloumanou, E. Baskouta, P.I. Rafailidis, K. Polyzos, J. Rello.
Treatment options for 2009 H1N1 influenza: evaluation of the published evidence.
Int J Antimicrob Agents, 35 (2010), pp. 421-430
[31.]
I. Martin-Loeches, T. Lisboa, A. Rhodes, R.P. Moreno, E. Silva, C. Sprung, et al.
Use of early corticosteroid therapy on ICU admission in patients affected by severe pandemic (H1N1)v influenza A infection.
Intensive Care Med, 37 (2010), pp. 272-283
[32.]
X. Xi, Y. Xu, L. Jiang, A. Li, J. Duan, B. Du.
Hospitalized adult patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in Beijing, China: risk factors for hospital mortality.
BMC Infect Dis, 10 (2010), pp. 256
[33.]
A. Davies, D. Jones, M. Bailey, J. Beca, R. Bellomo, N. Blackwell, et al.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
JAMA, 302 (2009), pp. 1888-1895
[34.]
M.D. Mitchell, M.E. Mikkelsen, C.A. Umscheid, I. Lee, B.D. Fuchs, S.D. Halpern.
A systematic review to inform institutional decisions about the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the H1N1 influenza pandemic.
Crit Care Med, 38 (2010), pp. 1398-1404
[35.]
A. Combes, M. Bacchetta, D. Brodie, T. Muller, V. Pellegrino.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory failure in adults.
Curr Opin Crit Care, 18 (2012), pp. 99-104
[36.]
D. Viasus, E. Cordero, J. Rodríguez-Baño, J.A. Oteo, A. Fernández-Navarro, L. Ortega, et al.
Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Study Group of the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI). Changes in epidemiology, clinical features and severity of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pneumonia in the first post-pandemic influenza season.
Clin Microbiol Infect, 18 (2012), pp. E55-E62
[37.]
World Health Organization.
Influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus: current situation and post-pandemic recommendations.
Wkly Epidemiol Rec, 86 (2011), pp. 61-65
[38.]
M.K. Goel, M. Goel, P. Khanna, K. Mittal.
Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine: an update.
Indian J Med Microbiol, 29 (2011), pp. 13-18
[39.]
E. Plennevaux, E. Sheldon, M. Blatter, M.K. Reeves-Hoche, M. Denis.
Immune response after a single vaccination against 2009 influenza A H1N1 in USA: a preliminary report of two randomised controlled phase 2 trials.
[40.]
Z. Vajo, F. Tamas, L. Sinka, I. Jankovics.
Safety and immunogenicity of a 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccine when administered alone or simultaneously with the seasonal influenza vaccine for the 2009-10 influenza season: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
[41.]
X.F. Liang, H.Q. Wang, J.Z. Wang, H.H. Fang, J. Wu, F.C. Zhu, et al.
Safety and immunogenicity of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccines in China: a multicentre, doubleblind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
[42.]
J.K. Yin, G. Khandaker, H. Rashid, L. Heron, I. Ridda, R. Booy.
Immunogenicity and safety of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Influenza Other Respi Viruses, 5 (2011), pp. 299-305
[43.]
M.E. Wise, M. Viray, J.J. Sejvar, P. Lewis, A.L. Baughman, W. Connor, et al.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Influenza Vaccination Campaign: Population-based Surveillance Among 45 Million Americans.
Am J Epidemiol, 175 (2012), pp. 1110-1119
[44.]
E. Cordero, A. Perez-Ordoñez, T.A. Aydillo, J. Torre-Cisneros, J. Gavalda, R. Lara, et al.
Therapy with m-TOR inhibitors decreases the response to the pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients.
Am J Transplant, 11 (2011), pp. 2205-2213
[45.]
C. Rodríguez-Rieiro, M.D. Esteban-Vasallo, M.F. Domínguez-Berjón, J. Astray-Mochales, D. Iniesta-Fornies, D. Barranco-Ordoñez, et al.
Coverage and predictors of vaccination against 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza in Madrid, Spain.
Vaccine, 29 (2011), pp. 1332-1338
[46.]
S. Virseda, M.A. Restrepo, E. Arranz, P. Magán-Tapia, M. Fernández-Ruiz, A.G. De la Camara, et al.
Seasonal and Pandemic A (H1N1) 2009 influenza vaccination coverage and attitudes among health-care workers in a Spanish University Hospital.
Vaccine, 28 (2010), pp. 4751-4757
[47.]
S. Brien, J.C. Kwong, D.L. Buckeridge.
The determinants of 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza vaccination: a systematic review.
Vaccine, 30 (2012), pp. 1255-1264
[48.]
A. Bish, L. Yardley, A. Nicoll, S. Michie.
Factors associated with uptake of vaccination against pandemic influenza: a systematic review.
Vaccine, 29 (2011), pp. 6472-6484
[49.]
D. Ofri.
The emotional epidemiology of H1N1 influenza vaccination.
N Engl J Med, 361 (2009), pp. 2594-2595
[50.]
G.A. Poland.
The 2009–2010 influenza pandemic: effects on pandemic and seasonal vaccine uptake and lessons learned for seasonal vaccination campaigns.
[51.]
M. Friede, L. Palkonyay, C. Alfonso, Y. Pervikov, G. Torelli, D. Wood, et al.
WHO initiative to increase global and equitable access to influenza vaccine in the event of a pandemic: supporting developing country production capacity through technology transfer.
[52.]
P. LaRussa.
Pandemic novel 2009 H1N1 influenza: what have we learned?.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med, 32 (2011), pp. 393-399
Copyright © 2012. Elsevier España, S.L.. All rights reserved
Descargar PDF
Opciones de artículo
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos