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European Journal of Psychiatry
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Información de la revista
Vol. 38. Núm. 4.
(octubre - diciembre 2024)
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Vol. 38. Núm. 4.
(octubre - diciembre 2024)
Original article
Psychopathological and cardiometabolic efficacy of a nutritional education intervention based on symbiotics in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Two-arm Randomised Clinical Trial
Alfonso Sevillano-Jiméneza,
Autor para correspondencia
, Guillermo Molina-Reciob,c, Juan Antonio García-Melladod, Rafael Molina-Luqueb,c, Manuel Romero-Saldañab,c
a Montilla Community Mental Health Unit, UCM Mental Health. Reina Sofia University Hospital, Avda. Andalucía, 11 14550, Montilla, Córdoba, Spain
b Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16). Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
c Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Córdoba, Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
d Psychiatry Service, Zamora Provincial Hospital. Zamora Welfare Complex, C/Hernán Cortés, no 40, 49021, Zamora, Spain
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Tablas (5)
Table 1. Sample characteristics (independent variables): Baseline.
Table 2. Sample characteristics (dependent variables): Baseline.
Table 3. Modifications in allocation groups: control group and experimental group.
Table 4. Gradient analysis: assignment groups.
Table 5. Percentage variance analysis: allocation groups.
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Abstract
Background and objectives

Advances in knowledge have contributed to the global understanding of nutritional patterns' influence on mental health. The aim was to determine the impact of a high-symbiotic diet on cardio-metabolic and psychopathological outcomes in schizophrenia.

Methods

A randomised clinical trial (two-arm, double-blind, balanced-block, six-month intervention) was conducted on 50 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The control group received conventional dietary advice individually. The intervention group received intensive dietary advice based on the increasing consumption of food with high symbiotic content (fermented foods, whole grains, green leafy vegetables and fruits high in dietary fibre, among others). Researchers collected data on cardiovascular and psychopathological status at baseline, three and six months. In addition, anthropometric parameters were analysed monthly.

Results

Forty-four subjects were analysed. Compared to the control group, the intervention group demonstrated improvements in the PANSS-GP subscale and the PSP scale scores over 3–6 months (p < 0.05). Anthropometric values were decreased in all the variables (p < 0.05). Systolic blood pressure decreased between 3 and 6 months (p = 0.049).

Conclusions

Nutrition education for increasing the consumption of foods with high symbiotic content has positively impacted the cardio-metabolic and psychopathological profile in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In addition, advanced practice mental health nurses have been shown to play a prominent role in developing nutrition education and promoting healthy lifestyles in these patients.

Keywords:
Diet therapy
Mental health
Nursing
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
Randomized controlled trial

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