Información del artículo
Los trastornos de la menopausia pueden ser evitados y combatidos administrando terapia de reemplazo hormonal, que tradicionalmente se ha considerado beneficiosa para la prevención de la osteoporosis y de las enfermedads cardiovasculares. Sin embargo, recientes estudios, como el estudio WHI, han puesto en duda los beneficios de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal, llegando a considerarla perjudicial a corto y medio plazo por ser un factor de riesgo para la enfermedad cardiovascular, accidente cerebrovascular, enfermedad tromboembólica venosa y cáncer de mama. Tras realizar una extensa revisión bibliográfica este trabajo pretende evaluar los riesgos y beneficios de la terapia hormonal sustitutiva aplicada a mujeres posmenopáusicas, así como dar una serie de recomendaciones sobre el uso de estrógenos y gestágenos en terapia de reemplazo hormonal.
Palabras clave:
enfermedades cardiovasculares
terapia de reemplazo hormonal (TRH)
posmenopausia
Menopause disorders may be avoided and fought against by administering hormone replacement therapy, which has classically been considered beneficial for the prevention of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. However, recent studies, such as the WHI study, have questioned the benefits of hormone replacement therapy, even considering it harmful in the short and middle term, as it is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular accident, venous thromboembolic disease and breast cancer. After performing an extensive bibliographic review, this study aims to assess the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy applied to post-menopausic women as well as give a series of recommendations on estrogen and gestagen use in hormone replacement therapy.
Key words:
cardiovascular diseases
hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
post-menopause
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