Información del artículo
Resumen
La normalización de la metodología para la práctica clínica orientada a problemas terapéuticos, desde una visión global de la asistencia del paciente y de la mejora del proceso farmacoterapéutico, facilita su trazabilidad y garantiza la obtención de los mejores resultados posibles en los pacientes al reducir la variabilidad en su aplicación. El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer una metodología para la práctica clínica orientada a problemas terapéuticos que se incardina en el circuito clásico de mejora continua de la calidad (“Plan, Do, Check, Act”) al diferenciar las fases: a. identificación de pacientes con problemas relacionados con los medicamentos; b. determinaci ón del origen del problema terapéutico y mejora del proceso farmacoterapéutico; c. evaluación de resultados, y d. documentación y trazabilidad. Este procedimiento facilita la integración de la asistencia del paciente individual (prevención y resolución de problemas relacionados con los medicamentos) con la mejora en la gestión de los procesos origen de dichos problemas (prevención de errores de medicación y/o fallos del sistema de medicación).
Palabras clave:
Problemas relacionados con medicamentos
Problemas farmacoterapéuticos
Errores de medicaci ón
Reacciones adversas a medicamentos
Calidad terapéutica
Summary
Standarization of methodology for problem-oriented clinical practice, from the perspective of both patient care and pharmacotherapeutic process improvement, diminishes variability of the process, helps its implementation and gives rise to an improvement in patient outcomes. The objective of this article is to provide a consistent method for implementing the problem-oriented clinical practice, integrated in the quality improvement cycle (“Plan, Do, Check, Act”) in different steps: a. identification of patients with drug-related problems, b. determination of problems origin and improvement of the pharmacotherapeutic process, c. evaluation of outcomes, and d. documentation and following-up. This procedure allows to integrate the individual patient care (prevention and resolution of drug-related problems) with the management improvement of processes leading to them (prevention of medication errors and/or medication-use system failures).
Key words:
Drug related problems
Pharmacotherapeutic problems
Medication errors
Adverse drug reaction
Therapeutic quality
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