El trasplante de células de la glía envolvente del bulbo olfatorio tras lesión de la médula espinal: Estudio experimental en ratas

Objetivo

Evaluar el efecto a largo plazo del trasplante de celulas de la glia envolvente (GE) del bulbo olfatorio tras lesion de la medula espinal.

Material y método

Se practico una laminectomia dorsal T8, en 16 ratas adultas Sprague-Dawley, dejando al descubierto la medula espinal subyacente, la cual se bano con rosa de Bengala durante 10 minutos, antes de lesionarla por iluminacion con una fibra optica acoplada a una lampara halogena, durante 2,5 minutos. A la mitad de los animales se les inyecto 180.000 celulas de GE, en 10 μl de medio (grupo GE), y a la otra mitad solo 10 μl de DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium) (grupo DM). Los animales se sacrificaron a los 90 dias de efectuar la lesion y se evaluo el area de medula espinal preservada, la recuperacion locomotora y la sensibilidad nociceptiva.

Resultados

Los animales del grupo GE mostraron un nivel de locomocion superior y retiraron antes la pata al estimulo nociceptivo que los del grupo DM. Tambien hubo una mayor preservacion de parenquima medular y mas celulas p75 positivas en el grupo GE que en el DM.

Conclusiones

El trasplante de GE favorece la preservacion de parenquima medular y evita la perdida de funciones motoras y sensoriales en la rata.

Aim

To evaluate the long-term effect of the transplantation of olfactory bulb ensheathing glia (EG) after spinal cord injury.

Materials and methods

Dorsal laminectomy of T8 was performed in 16 adult Sprague-Dawley rats, exposing the underlying spinal cord, which was bathed with Bengala pink for 10 minutes before producing a lesion by fiberoptic focusing of light from a halogen lamp for 2.5 minutes. Half of the animals were injected 180,000 ensheathing glia (EG) in 10 ìl of medium (EG group) and half were injected only 10 ìl of DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium) (DM group). Animals were sacrificed 90 days after injury and the area of spinal cord conserved, locomotor recovery, and nociceptive sensitivity were evaluated.

Results

The animals in the EG group showed better locomotion and quicker paw retraction in response to a nociceptive stimulus than the animals in the DM group. More of the spinal parenchyma was preserved and there were more positive p75 cells in the EG group than in the DM group.

Conclusions

EG transplantation favored the preservation of spinal parenchyma and prevented the loss of motor and sensorial functions in the rat.