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Inicio Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition) Spanish Consensus on Physical Health of Patients With Bipolar Disorder
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Vol. 1. Núm. 1.
Páginas 26-37 (enero 2008)
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Vol. 1. Núm. 1.
Páginas 26-37 (enero 2008)
Acceso a texto completo
Spanish Consensus on Physical Health of Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Consenso Español de Salud Física del Paciente con Trastorno Bipolar
Visitas
1534
Julio Bobesa, Jerónimo Sáiz Ruizb, José Manuel Montesc,
Autor para correspondencia
j_m_montes@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, José Mostazad, Fernando Rico-Villademorose, Eduard Vietaf, on behalf of the Expert Consensus Group on the Physical Health of Bipolar Disorder Patients
a Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
b Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Ramón and Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital del Sureste, Madrid, Spain
d Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
e Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
f Instituto Clínico de Neurociencias, Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Background and objective

Patients with bipolar disorder have much higher physical morbidity and mortality rates than the general population. In addition to a higher mortality rate from suicide, these patients also have a higher prevalence of physical disorders.

The aim of this consensus, promoted by the Spanish Societies of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry in collaboration with the General Practitioners’ Societies, was to establish practical recommendations on procedures for detection, prevention, and intervention in the somatic diseases that coexist with bipolar disorder in order to improve the quality of life and life expectancy of these patients.

Method

The Spanish Societies of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry designated a scientific committee that selected 32 expert psychiatrists and 10 experts from other medical specialties. Working groups were formed for each specialty for the purpose of adapting the guidelines applied in the general population to patients with bipolar disorder. A systematic review of medical comorbidity and mortality in these patients was carried out and 2 multidisciplinary consensus meetings were held.

Results

The literature review revealed an increased risk of hypertension, obesity, smoking, pulmonary diseases, migraine, and HIV infection among patients with bipolar disorder. There was also evidence of higher mortality rates from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and infections, as well as from suicide. The expert group reached a consensus on a series of basic measures to detect medical comorbidity applicable to the monitoring of these patients. The resulting recommendations will be accepted and disseminated by the promoting societies.

Conclusions

The recommendations generated by the Spanish Consensus on the Physical Health od Patients with Bipolar disorders include the most important aspects for the improvement of the psychosocial functioning, quality of life and life expetancy of these patients.

Key words:
Bipolar disorder
Physical health
Consensus
Morbidity
Mortality
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

Los pacientes con trastorno bipolar presentan una morbilidad física y una mortalidad muy superior a la de la población general. Además de una mayor mortalidad por suicidio, tienen también una mayor prevalencia de enfermedades físicas.

El objetivo de este consenso, promovido por las Sociedades Españolas de Psiquiatría y Psiquiatría Biológica, en colaboración con las sociedades de médicos de asistencia primaria, es establecer recomendaciones prácticas sobre los procedimientos de detección, prevención e intervención en las enfermedades somáticas que coexisten con el trastorno bipolar para mejorar la calidad y esperanza de vida de estos pacientes.

Método

Las Sociedades Españolas de Psiquiatría y Psiquiatría Biológica eligieron un Comité Científico que seleccionó a su vez a 32 psiquiatras expertos y 10 médicos expertos en otras especialidades médicas. Se crearon grupos de trabajo para cada especialidad con la finalidad de adaptar las guías aplicadas en la población general a pacientes con trastorno bipolar. Partiendo de una revisión sistemática sobre la comorbilidad médica y la mortalidad en el trastorno bipolar se realizaron dos reuniones para acordar el consenso.

Resultados

En la revisión bibliográfica se detectó un riesgo aumentado, entre los pacientes con trastorno bipolar, de presentar hipertensión arterial, obesidad, tabaquismo, enfermedades pulmonares, migraña e infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). También se encontró evidencia de un aumento de mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares, respiratorias e infecciones, además del suicidio. El grupo de expertos alcanzó el consenso en una serie de medidas básicas para la detección de comorbilidad médica aplicables a la monitorización de estos pacientes. Las recomendaciones resultantes serán asumidas y divulgadas por las sociedades promotoras.

Conclusiones

El decálogo generado en el Consenso Español de Salud Física del Paciente con Trastorno Bipolar recoge los aspectos más relevantes para la mejora del funcionamiento psicosocial, la calidad y la esperanza de vida en los pacientes con esta patología.

Palabras clave:
Trastorno bipolar
Salud física
Consenso
Morbilidad
Mortalidad
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