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Vol. 85. Issue 2.
Pages 84-91 (February 2009)
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Vol. 85. Issue 2.
Pages 84-91 (February 2009)
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Surgical resident training program in minimally invasive surgery experimental laboratory (CENDOS)
Programa de formación del residente de cirugía en un laboratorio experimental de cirugía minimamente invasiva (CENDOS)
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José Carlos Manuel-Palazuelosa,
Corresponding author
jcmanuel@humv.es

Author for correspondence.
, Joaquín Alonso-Martína, Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Sanjuana, María José Fernández Díaza, José Manuel Gutiérrez Cabezasb, Santiago Revuelta-Álvarezb, Dieter José Morales-Garcíaa, Luis Herrera-Noreñaa, Manuel Gómez-Fleitasa,c
a Hospital Universitario Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
b Hospital Sierrallana de Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain
c Cátedra de Patología Quirúrgica, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

The rapid development of laparoscopic surgery makes resident training programmes necessary.

Objective To analyse the results of a structured programme of laparoscopic training in an experimental laboratory.

Material and method

From 2003 until 2007, we trained 11 general surgery residents for 20 h every 3 months, for 3 years. The practice consisted of suture and anastomosis in Endo- Trainer with animal organs, as well as laparoscopic techniques in live animals. In the Endo-Trainer practice we evaluated the time and quality of anastomosis performance. In laparoscopic techniques (cholecystectomy and anti-reflux surgery) a task table was evaluated, from 0 (no errors) to 100 (severe lesion).

Results

In total, 314 anastomosis were performed by the 11 residents, with a median of 28.5 per resident (24–42). The mean time for the first gastro-jejunal anastomosis was 135min (100–140) and 65min (57.5–105) for the first jejunal-jejunal anastomosis. Maximum learning was achieved after 45 training hours. There were no appreciable differences between both types of anastomosis. There was inadequate anastomosis quality due to leakage in 17.1% during the learning period and 13.7% during the consolidation period. In the animal, 172 procedures were performed. In cholecystectomy and anti-reflux surgery the mean scores were 2.4 and 5.6 points, respectively. In the remaining procedures, subjectively evaluated by the monitors, the quality was adequate in 65%, deficient in 22% and highly deficient in 13%.

Conclusions

This structured programme of laparoscopic skills based on intestinal anastomosis allows for quicker resident training.

Keywords:
Training and formation
Experimental laboratory
Laparoscopic surgery
Resumen
Introducción

El rápido avance de la cirugía laparoscópica obliga a cambiar los métodos de enseñanza de residentes.

Objetivo

Analizar los resultados de un programa estructurado de formación laparoscópica en laboratorio experimental.

Material y método

Entre 2003 y 2007, entrenamos a 11 residentes de cirugía general 20 h por trimestre durante 3 años. Incluimos habilidades en suturas y anastomosis en endotrainer con órganos animales y técnicas laparoscópicas en animales vivos. En la práctica en cajas, se registraron tiempo y calidad anastomótica. En la laparoscopia realizada al animal (colecistectomía y antirreflujo), se puntuó una tabla de tareas de 0 (ningú n error) a 100 (lesión grave).

Resultados

Los 11 residentes realizaron 314 anastomosis, con una media de 28,5 (24–42) anastomosis/residente. La mediana de tiempo para la primera anastomosis gastroyeyunal fue 135 (100–140) min y para la yeyunoyeyunal, 65 (57,5–105) min. El máximo aprendizaje se produjo transcurridas 45 h de entrenamiento. No se apreciaron diferencias en la ejecución de ambas anastomosis. Se registró deficiente calidad anastomótica, determinada por existencia de fuga, en el 17,1% durante el período de aprendizaje y el 13,7% durante el de consolidación. En el animal realizaron 172 procedimientos. En colecistectomía y antirreflujo hubo una media de 2,4 y 5,6 puntos. En el resto de procedimientos, valorados subjetivamente por el monitor, la calidad de la técnica fue correcta en el 65%, mejorable en el 22% y muy mejorable en el 13%.

Conclusiones

Este programa estructurado de habilidades laparoscópicas basado en la ejecución de anastomosis intestinales permite acelerar la formación de los residentes.

Palabras clave:
Entrenamiento y formación
Laboratorio experimental
Cirugía laparoscópica
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Copyright © 2009. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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