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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis Efecto del tabaquismo en la aterosclerosis coronaria y de la aorta en niños y j...
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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 2-8 (January 2002)
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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 2-8 (January 2002)
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Efecto del tabaquismo en la aterosclerosis coronaria y de la aorta en niños y jóvenes. Estudio PBDAY (Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth). Investigación Multinacional de la OMS/FISC (1986-1996)
Effects of tobacco smoking on coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in youth. pbday (pathobiological determinants of atherosclerosis in youth) study. a who/isfc multinational investigation (1986-1996)
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J. Delgado, N.H. Sternby
Centro de Investigaciones y Referencias de Aterosclerosis de La Habana (CIRAH). Cuba. Departamento de Anatomía Patológica. Facultad de Medicina Finlay-Albarrán. Universidad Médica de La Habana
J.E. Fernández-Brittoa,
Corresponding author
jfbritto@infomed.sld.cu

Correspondencia: Centro de Investigaciones y Referencias de Aterosclerosis de La Habana. Apdo. 6493. La Habana. 10600. Cuba
, R. Wonga, D. Contrerasa, P. Nordetb
a Servicio de Anatomía Patológica
b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica
This item has received
Article information
Fundamento

El tabaquismo es un claro factor de riesgo aterogénico en adultos. El objetivo de este estudio, subestudio del estudio multinacional de necropsias PBDAY, fue evaluar el impacto del tabaquismo como factor de riesgo aterogénico en niños y jóvenes de entre 5 y 34 años de edad fallecidos accidentalmente durante los años 1986-1996

Material y métodos

Del centro de coordinación general del PBDAY en Malmö se recibieron en el Centro de Investigaciones y Referencias de Aterosclerosis de La Habana un total de 966 muestras de la mitad izquierda de la aorta torácica, 947 de la mitad izquierda de la aorta abdominal y 959 de la arteria coronaria derecha. Las arterias procedieron de 11 países localizados en América, África, Europa, sudeste asiático y sudoeste asiático. Las arterias se procesaron utilizando el sistema aterométrico para la caracterización patomorfológica y morfométrica de la lesion aterosclerótica. El antecedente de tabaquismo se recogió por interrogatorio a los allegados de los individuos fallecidos, y la población de autopsies se dividió en fumadores y no fumadores. Los datos se procesaron utilizando análisis estadísticos descriptivos, comparativos y multivariado

Resultados

La distribución de estrías adiposas y placas fibrosas en las tres arterias estudiadas, aorta torácica, aorta abdominal y coronaria derecha, fue mayor en los fumadores que en los no fumadores. La transformación de estrías adiposas en placas fibrosas comenzó más temprano y con mayor intensidad en los fumadores. Las lesiones en las tres arterias presentaron diferencias significativas entre fumadores y no fumadores por análisis MANOVA. Por análisis ANOVA, la superficie intimal ocupada por estrías adiposas en la aorta torácica, por éstas y las placas fibrosas en la aorta abdominal, y por las placas fibrosas en la coronaria derecha era significativamente más alta en los fumadores que en los no fumadores

Conclusiones

En este estudio se demuestra claramente que el tabaquismo es un fuerte factor de riesgo de aterosclerosis en edades tempranas

Palabras clave:
Estudio de autopsias
Tabaquismo
Aterosclerosis
Placas de ateroma
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular
PBDAY
Background

Smoking is a recognized cardiovascular risk factor in adulthood. The objective of this substudy of the PBDAY multinational necropsy study was to assess the impact of smoking as an atherogenic risk factor in children and young people aged 5-34 years who died accidentally during the years 1986-1996

Material and methods

From the general coordinating center in Malmö, 966 samples of the left half of the thoracic aorta, 947 samples of the left half of the abdominal aorta, and 959 samples of the right coronary artery were sent to the Atherosclerosis Research and Reference Center of Havana. The arteries were obteined in individuals from 11 countries located in America, Africa, Europe, and Asia (Southeast and Southwest). The atherometric system was utilized for pathomorphologic and morphometric characterization of atherosclerotic lesions. The history of smoking was collected from relatives of the deceased, and the autopsy population was divided in smokers and nonsmokers. The data were processed using descriptive, comparative, and multivariate statistics

Results

The proportion of fatty streaks and fibrous plaques in the three arteries studied, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, and right coronary artery, was greater in smokers than in nonsmokers. The transformation of fatty streaks into fibrous plaques started earlier and with more intensity in smokers. MANOVA statistics showed significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers in the three arteries. The intimal area occupied by fatty streaks in the thoracic aorta, by fatty streaks and fibrous plaques in the abdominal aorta, and by fibrous plaques in the right coronary artery was significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers by ANOVA statistics

Conclusions

This study clearly shows that tobacco smoking is a strong risk factor for atherosclerosis at young ages

Key words:
Necropsy study
Smoking
Atherosclerosis
Atherona plaques
Cardiovascular risk factors
PBDAY
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Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis y Elsevier España, S.L.
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