metricas
covid
Buscar en
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Bacteriemias por Acinetobacter baumannii: características clínicas y pronósti...
Journal Information
Vol. 21. Issue 5.
Pages 242-247 (May 2003)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 21. Issue 5.
Pages 242-247 (May 2003)
Full text access
Bacteriemias por Acinetobacter baumannii: características clínicas y pronósticas
Visits
16422
Jesús Rodríguez-Bañoa, Álvaro Pascualb, Juan Gálveza,c, Miguel Ángel Muniaina, M.ª José Ríosa, Luis Martínez-Martínezb, Ramón Pérez-Canoa, Evelio J. Pereab
a Servicio de Medicina Interna, Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas
b Departamento de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Sevilla. España
This item has received
Article information
Objetivo

Análisis de la incidencia, características clínicas y pronóstico de las bacteriemias por Acinetobacter baumannii

Métodos

Estudio prospectivo de la cohorte de bacteriemias por A. baumannii detectadas entre enero de 1995 y diciembre de 1998. A. baumannii se identificó según las recomendaciones más recientes

Resultados

Se incluyeron 133 bacteriemias, todas de adquisición nosocomial. La densidad de incidencia fue de 2,02 episodios/10.000 pacientes-día y descendió a 0,40 episodios/10.000 pacientes-día con la aplicación del programa de control. El 70% de los pacientes estaba o había estado en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. El 85% padecía enfermedades crónicas concomitantes y el 62% un índice de gravedad de Hilf superior a 4. El 78% de las cepas eran multirresistentes y el 28% resistentes a imipenem. La mortalidad atribuible fue del 25,6%. El análisis multivariado mostró que el tratamiento antibiótico inapropiado, el shock séptico y un mayor índice de gravedad de Hilf fueron factores independientes de mal pronóstico

Conclusión

La bacteriemia por A. baumannii afecta fundamentalmente a pacientes graves sometidos a múltiples procedimientos invasivos, en los que la morbimortalidad puede ser elevada. El tratamiento antimicrobiano inadecuado se asoció, entre otros factores, a un peor pronóstico

Palabras clave:
Acinetobacter baumannii
Bacteriemia
Infección nosocomial
Objective

The incidence, clinical features, and prognosis of bacteremia due to Acinetobacter baumannii were investigated

Methods

Prospective study of all episodes of A. baumanii bacteremia detected during the period of January 1995 to December 1998. A. baumannii was identified using recent standard methods

Results

A total of 133 episodes of bacteremia due to A. baumannii were studied, all of them nosocomial-acquired. The incidence-density diminished from 2.02 episodes per 10,000 patient-days to 0.40 episodes per 10,000 patient-days after the implementation of a control program. Most of the patients (70%) were, or had been, in the ICU when bacteremia occurred. Some 80% of patients had a chronic illness and 62% had a Hilf’s severity score >4. Among the strains identified, 74% were multidrug-resistant and 28% were imipenem-resistant. Attributable mortality was 25.6%. Multivariate analysis showed that inappropriate antibiotic treatment, septic shock, and high Hilf’s severity score were associated with poorer prognosis

Conclusion

A. baumannii bacteremia mainly affects severely ill patients who have undergone several invasive procedures, and who may have relevant associated morbidity and mortality. Among other variables, inappropriate antibiotic treatment was a risk factor for increased mortalilty

Key words:
Acinetobacter baumannii
Bacteriemia
Nosocomial infection
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
E. Bergone-Berezéin.
The increasing significance of Acinetobacter spp.: The need for control and new agents.
J Hosp Infect, 30 (1995), pp. 441-442
[2.]
E. Bergone-Berezéin, K.J. Towner.
Acinetobacter spp. As nosocomial pathogens: Microbiological, clinical and epidemiological features.
Clin Microb Rev, 9 (1996), pp. 148-155
[3.]
J.M. Cisneros, M.J. Reyes, J. Pachón, B. Becerril, F.J. Caballero, J.L. García-Garmendia, et al.
Bacteremia due to Acinetobacter baumannii: epidemiology, clinical findings and prognostics features.
Clin Infect Dis, 22 (1996), pp. 1026-1032
[4.]
J.Y. Fagon, J. Chastre, Y. Domart, J.L. Trouillet, C. Gibert.
Mortality due to ventilator-associated pneumonia or colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter species: Assessment by quantitative culture of samples obtained by protected specimen brush.
Clin Infect Dis, 23 (1996), pp. 538-542
[5.]
R.A. Smego.
Endemic nosocomial Acinetobacter calcoaceticus bacteraemia. Clinical significance, treatment, and prognosis.
Arch Intern Med, 145 (1985), pp. 2174-2179
[6.]
P.A.G. Tilley, F.J. Roberts.
Bacteremia with Acinetobacter species: Risk factors and prognosis in different clinical settings.
Clin Infect Dis, 18 (1994), pp. 896-900
[7.]
P.J.M. Bouvet, P.A.D. Grimont.
Taxonomy of the genus Acinetobacter with the recognition of Acinetobacter baumannii sp. nov., Acinetobacter haemolyticus sp. nov., Acinetobacter johnsonii sp. nov., and Acinetobacter junii sp. nov. and emendeded descriptions of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Acinetobacter lwofii.
Inter J Sys Bacteriol, 36 (1986), pp. 228-240
[8.]
H. Seifert, A. Strate, A. Schultze, G. Pulverer.
Bacteremia due to Acinetobacter spp. others than Acinetobacter baumannii.
Infection, 6 (1994), pp. 379-385
[9.]
J. Berlau, H. Aucken, H. Malmick, T. Pitt.
Distribution of Acinetobacter species on skin of healthty human.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 18 (1999), pp. 179-183
[10.]
H. Seifert, A. Strate, G. Pulverer.
Nosocomial bacteremia due to Acinetobacter baumannii. Clinical features, epidemiology, and presdictors of mortality.
Medicine (Baltimore), 74 (1995), pp. 340-349
[11.]
American College of Chest Physichians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Consensus conference committee. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for use of innovative therapies in sepsis.
Crit Care Med, 20 (1992), pp. 864-874
[12.]
W.R. McCabe, G.G. Jackson.
Gram negative bacteremia I. Etiology and ecology.
Crit Care Med, 110 (1992), pp. 847-855
[13.]
M. Hilf, V.L. Yu, J. Sharp, J.J. Zuravleff, J.A. Korvick, M.M. Muder.
Antibiotic therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: Outcome correlations in a prospective study of 200 patients.
Am J Med, 87 (1989), pp. 540-546
[14.]
J.A. Korvicks, C.S. Bryan, B. Farber, T.R. Beam, R. Schenfeld, R.R. Muder.
Prospective observational study of Klebsiella bacteremia in 230 patients: Outcome for antibiotic combinations versus monotherapy.
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherapy, 36 (1992), pp. 2639-2644
[15.]
W.A. Knaus, E.A. Draper, J.E. Zimmerman.
APACHE II: A severity of disease classification system.
Crit Care Med, 13 (1985), pp. 818-829
[16.]
J.S. Garner, W.R. Jarvis, T.G. Emori, T.C. Horan, J.M. Hughes.
CDC definitions for nosocomial infections.
Am J Infect Control, 16 (1988), pp. 128-140
[17.]
Rodríguez-Baño J, Ramírez, Santos J, Martínez-Martínez L, Munigin MA, Joyanes P, et al. Risk factors for colonization with Acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit. En: Abstract of the 37th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC), Toronto, Canada, September 28-October 1, 1997 (abstract J-9)
[18.]
J. Ayats, X. Corbella, C. Ardanuy, M.A. Domínguez, A. Ricart, J. Liñares, et al.
Epidemiologycal significance of cutaneous, pharyngeal, and digestive tract colonization by multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii in ICU patients.
J Hosp Infect, 37 (1997), pp. 287-295
[19.]
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility test for bacteria that grow aerobically approved standard M7-A5. NCCLS, Wayne. PA 2000
[20.]
P.J.M. Bouvet, S. Jeajean.
Delineatio of new proteolytic genospecies in the genus Acinetobacter.
Res Microbiol, 140 (1989), pp. 291-299
[21.]
R.E. Weaver, L.E. Actis.
Identification of Acinetobacter species.
J Clin Microb, 32 (1994), pp. 1833
[22.]
J.L. Gómez Garcés, M.L. Fernández Guerrero.
Significado clínico de las bacteriemias por Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
Enf Infecc Microb Clin, 8 (1990), pp. 606-609
[23.]
M.P. Weinstein, M.l. Towns, S.M. Quartey, S. Mirrett, L.G. Reimar, G. Parmigiani, et al.
The clinical significance of positive blood cultures in the 1990s: A prospective comprehensive of microbiology, epidemiology, and outcome of bacteremia and funguemia in adults.
Clin Infect Dis, 24 (1997), pp. 584-602
[24.]
A.M. Yinnon, Y. Schelesinger, D. Gabbay, B. Rudensky.
Analysis of bacteremias: Importance of stratification of microbial susceptibilities by source of patients.
J Infect, 35 (1997), pp. 17-23
[25.]
J. Gómez, E. Simarro, V. Baños, L. Requena, J. Ruiz, F. García, et al.
Six-year prospective study of risk and prognostic factors in patients with nosocomial sepsis caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 18 (1999), pp. 358-361
[26.]
H. Wisplinghoff, M.B. Edmond, M.A. Pfaller, R.N. Jones, R.P. Wenzel, H. Seifert.
Nosocomial bloodstream infections caused by Acinetobacter species in united States Hospitals: Clinical features, molecular epidemiology, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
Clin Infect Dis, 31 (2000), pp. 690-697
[27.]
L.C. McDonald, S.N. Banerje.
Jarvis WR and the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Seasonal variatio of Acinetobacter infections: 1987-1996.
Clin Infect Dis, 29 (1999), pp. 1133-1137
[28.]
S.M. Poutanen, M. Loui, A.E. Simor.
Risk factors, clinical features and outcome of Acinetobacter bacteremia in adults.
Eur J Clin Microb Infect Dis, 16 (1997), pp. 737-740
[29.]
J.L. García-Garmendia, C. Ortiz-Leyba, J. Garnacho-Montero, F.J. Jiménez-Jiménez, C. Paredes-Paredes, A.E. Barrero-Almodóvar, et al.
Risk factors for Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial bacteremia in critically ill patients: a cohort study.
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (2001), pp. 939-946
[30.]
O. Lortholary, J.Y. Fagon, A.B. Hoi, G. Mahieu, L. Gutman.
Colonization by Acinetobacter baumannii in intensive-care patients.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 19 (1998), pp. 188-190
[31.]
X. Corbella, M. Pujol, J. Ayats, M. Sendra, C. Ardanuy, M.A. Domínguez, et al.
Relelevance of digestive tract colonization in the epidemiology of nosocomial infections due to multirresistant Acinetobacter baumanni.
Clin Infect Dis, 23 (1996), pp. 329-334
[32.]
H. Wispinghoff, W. Perbix, H. Seifert.
Risk factors for nosocomial bloodstream infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii: case-control study of adult burn patients.
Clin Infect Dis, 28 (1999), pp. 59-66
[33.]
S. Moreno, T. Vivente, M. Armas, J.C.L. Bernaldo de Quirós, Bouza E. Rodríguez-Creixems.
Bacteremia nosocomial por Acinetobacter.
Enf Infecc Microb Clin, 8 (1990), pp. 606-609
[34.]
R. Raz, J. Alroy, J.D. Sobel.
Nosocomial bacteremia due to Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
Infection, 10 (1982), pp. 168-171
[35.]
J. Rodríguez-Baño.
Nosocomial bacteremia due to Acinetobacter baumannii.
Rev Medical Microbiology, 10 (1999), pp. 67-77
[36.]
Cisneros JM, Martín D, Becerril B, Ortiz-Leyba C, Bernabeu-Wittel M, Prados MT, et al. Attributable mortality of nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia. Toronto, 40th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (Abstract 1713)
[37.]
M. Afzal-Sha, D.M. Livermore.
Worldwide emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp.
J Antimicrob Chemother, 41 (1999), pp. 576-577
[38.]
C. Urban, E. Go, N. Mariano, B.J. Berger, I. Arraham, D. Rubin, et al.
Effect of sulbactam on infections caused by imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus biotype anitratus.
J Infect Dis, 167 (1993), pp. 448-451
[39.]
M.E. Jiménez-Mejías, J. Pachón, B. Becerril, J. Palomino-Nicas, A. Rodríguez Cobacho, M. Revuelta.
Treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii meningitis with ampicilin/sulbactam.
J Antimicrob Chemother, 24 (1997), pp. 932-935
[40.]
X. Corbella, J. Ariza, C. Ardanuy, M. Vuelta, F. Tubau, M. Sora, et al.
Efficacy of sulbactam alone and in combination with ampicilin in nosocomial infections caused by multirresistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
J Antimicrob Chemother, 42 (1998), pp. 793-802
[41.]
A.S. Levin, A.A. Barone, Penço J., M.V. Santos, I.S. Marinho, E.A. Arruda, et al.
Intravenous colistin as therapy for nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii.
Clin Infect Dis, 28 (1999), pp. 1008-1011
[42.]
A.E. Buxton, R.L. Anderson, D. Werdegard, E. Atlas.
Nosocomial respiratory tract infection and colonization with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus: epidemiologic characteristics.
Am J Med, 65 (1978), pp. 507-513
[43.]
J.E. Peacok, L. Sorrel, F.D. Sottile, L.E. Price, W.A. Rutala.
Nosocomial respiratory tract colonization and infection with aminoglycoside-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus: epidemiologic characteristics and clinical significance.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 7 (1988), pp. 302-308
Copyright © 2003. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos