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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Tratamiento endoscópico combinado con litotricia extracorpórea con ondas de ch...
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Vol. 25. Issue 10.
Pages 585-588 (January 2002)
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Vol. 25. Issue 10.
Pages 585-588 (January 2002)
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Tratamiento endoscópico combinado con litotricia extracorpórea con ondas de choque de la coledocolitiasis de difícil manejo
Endoscopic Treatment Combined with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy of Difficult Bile Duct Stones
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J. Morab,
Corresponding author
iuliusmora@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Mora Contreras. Pintor Aparicio, 23, 4.o A. 03003 Alicante. España.
, V. Aguilerab, T. Salab, F. Martínezb, G. Bastidab, A. Palaub, L. Argüellob, V. Ponsb, V. Pertejob, J. Berenguerb, J.M. Alaponta
a Urología. Hospital La Fe. Valencia. España
b Unidad de Endoscopias. Servicios de Medicina Digestiva Hospital La Fe. Valencia. España
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Objetivo

. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la efectividad y seguridad de la litotricia extracorpórea con ondas de choque (LEOCH) en cálculos de difícil manejo, en los que se ha fracasado en las maniobras de extracción endoscópica.

Pacientes Y Método

. Desde enero de 1997 a febrero de 2002 se realizó tratamiento combinado de endoscopia y LEOCH a 19 pacientes en los que se había fracasado en las maniobras de litoextracción endoscópica tras esfinterotomía. El procedimiento se llevó a cabo con sedoanalgesia farmacológica o sedación profunda, antibioterapia profiláctica y monitorización de constantes. La localización de la litiasis se realizó mediante inyección de contraste a través de un drenaje nasobiliar y fluoroscopia. Tras cada sesión de LEOCH se practicaban lavados a través del drenaje y se procedía a la extracción endoscópica de los fragmentos litiásicos.

Resultados

. Los 19 pacientes tenían elevado riesgo quirúrgico debido a su avanzada edad y/o a la presencia de enfermedades concomitantes. Todos presentaban ictericia y dolor, y en nueve se asociaba colangitis (47,3%). Se realizaron 30 sesiones de LEOCH (1,57 sesiones por paciente), con una media de 2.120 ondas de choque por sesión. El tratamiento combinado de LEOCH y extracción instrumental endoscópica posterior consiguió el aclaramiento completo de la vía biliar en 16 de los 19 pacientes (84,2%). Hubo fracaso terapéutico en 3 pacientes, que fueron remitidos para tratamiento quirúrgico. No se evidenciaron complicaciones inmediatas ni tardías, salvo un paciente que presentó un síndrome febril autolimitado.

Conclusión

. La terapéutica endoscópica asociada a LEOCH es segura y efectiva en pacientes con coledocolitiasis de difícil manejo, y sobre todo es una alternativa en aquellos con un elevado riesgo quirúrgico.

Objectives

. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in difficult bile duct stones resistant to endoscopic extraction.

Patients and Method

. From January 1997 to February 2002, combined treatment with endoscopy and ESWL was used in 19 patients who had undergone unsuccessful endoscopic bile duct stone extraction after sphincterotomy. The procedure was carried out using analgesic and sedative drugs or deep sedation, prophylactic antibiotic therapy, and monitoring of vital signs. Bile duct stone localization was performed by contrast injection through nasobiliary drainage and fluoroscopy. After each ESWL session, lavage was performed through drainage and stone fragments were extracted endoscopically.

Results

. The 19 patients presented high surgical risk due to advanced aged and/or concomitant diseases. All presented jaundice and pain and nine (47.3%) presented associated cholangitis. Thirty ESWL sessions were performed (1.57 sessions per patient), with a mean of 2,120 shock waves per session. In 16 of the 19 patients (84.2%), combined treatment with ESWL and subsequent instrumental endoscopic extraction achieved complete clearance of the biliary tract. The treatment failed in 3 patients who were referred for surgical treatment. No early or late complications were observed, except in one patient who presented a self-limiting febrile syndrome.

Conclusions

. Therapeutic endoscopy combined with ESWL is safe and effective in patients with difficult bile duct stones. It represents a therapeutic alternative in patients at high surgical risk.

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Copyright © 2002. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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