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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Immunotherapy in multiple myeloma
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Vol. 162. Issue 10.
Pages 485-493 (May 2024)
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Vol. 162. Issue 10.
Pages 485-493 (May 2024)
Review
Immunotherapy in multiple myeloma
Inmunoterapia en el mieloma múltiple
Pedro Asensi Cantóa, Mario Arnao Herraiza, Javier de la Rubia Comosa,b,c,d,
Corresponding author
delarubia_jav@gva.es

Corresponding author.
a Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
b Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
c Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
d Ciberonc CB16/12/00284, Valencia, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (5)
Table 1. Patient characteristics and efficacy of bsAbs treatment in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).
Table 2. Patient characteristics and efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).
Table 3. Grading and management of cytokine release syndrome.
Table 4. Safety of bsAbs and CAR-T cells in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients.
Table 5. Infectious mortality, percentage of infections and other variables related to infectious risk.
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Abstract

Patients with multiple myeloma who present with refractory disease or relapse after receiving the main classes of available drugs– immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors and antibodies against CD38 – do not have satisfactory therapeutic alternatives. New treatments based on the redirection of T lymphocytes to act directly against tumor cells, such as bispecific antibodies and T cells with chimeric antigen receptors, are changing this scenario. The published information confirms unprecedented antitumor activity of these agents in patients with refractory myeloma and they will certainly represent the backbone of the treatment of these patients in the immediate future. However, these therapies also present specific characteristics and medium or long-term toxicities that pose new healthcare challenges. In this review, we address the current results and future challenges of the administration of these treatments in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

Keywords:
Multiple myeloma
Immunotherapy
Bispecific antibody
CAR-T cells
Resumen

Los pacientes con mieloma múltiple que presentan una enfermedad refractaria o en recaída tras recibir las principales clases de fármacos disponibles –inmunomoduladores, inhibidores del proteosoma y anticuerpos frente a CD38– no disponen de alternativas terapéuticas satisfactorias. Los nuevos tratamientos basados en la redirección de los linfocitos T para que actúen directamente contra las células tumorales, como los anticuerpos biespecíficos y las células T con receptores antigénicos quiméricos, están cambiando este escenario. La información disponible confirma una actividad antitumoral de estos agentes sin precedentes en pacientes con mieloma refractario y, con seguridad, formarán la columna vertebral del tratamiento de estos pacientes en un futuro inmediato. Sin embargo, estas terapias también presentan características específicas y toxicidades a medio o largo plazo que plantean nuevos retos asistenciales. En esta revisión abordamos los resultados actuales y desafíos futuros de la administración de estos tratamientos en los pacientes con mieloma múltiple en recaída o refractario.

Palabras clave:
Mieloma múltiple
Inmunoterapia
Anticuerpo biespecífico
Células CAR-T

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