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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Sex differences in delay times in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A ...
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Vol. 163. Issue 3.
Pages 115-120 (August 2024)
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Vol. 163. Issue 3.
Pages 115-120 (August 2024)
Original article
Sex differences in delay times in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A cohort study
Diferencias de género en los tiempos de retraso en el infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST: un estudio de cohorte
Pablo Juan-Salvadoresa,b,
Corresponding author
pablo.juan@iisgaliciasur.es

Corresponding author.
, María Castro-Rodrígueza, Víctor Alfonso Jiménez-Díaza,b,c, Cesar Veigaa,b, Laura Bustoa,b, Saleta Fernández-Barbeirab,c, Andrés Iñiguez-Romoa,b,c,d
a Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Área Sanitaria de Vigo, Spain
b Cardiovascular Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Spain
c Interventional Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Área Sanitaria de Vigo, Spain
d Department of Cardiology, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Área Sanitaria de Vigo, Spain
Article information
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Figures (2)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
Table 2. Net adverse clinical events during the first year after STEMI.
Table 3. Relationship between the baseline characteristics and the presence of net adverse clinical events.
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Additional material (2)
Abstract
Background

The present study analyzes a cohort of consecutive patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), evaluating the ischemia–reperfusion times from the perspective of gender differences (females versus males), with a long-term follow-up.

Methods

Single-center analytical cohort study of patients with STEMI in a tertiary hospital, between January 2015 and December 2020.

Results

A total of 2668 patients were included, 2002 (75%) men and 666 (25%) women. The time elapsed from the onset of symptoms to the opening of the artery was 197min (IQR 140–300) vs 220min (IQR 152–340), p=0.004 in men and women respectively. A delay in health care significantly impacts the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events at follow-up, HR 1.34 [95%CI 1.06–1.70]; p=0.015.

Conclusions

Women took longer to go to health care services and had a longer delay both in the diagnosis of STEMI and in coronary reperfusion. It is imperative to emphasize the necessity of educating women about the recognition of ischemic heart disease symptoms, empowering them to raise early alarms and seek timely medical attention.

Keywords:
Women
ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction
Time-to-treatment
Delay
Percutaneous coronary intervention
Gender bias
STEMI
Door to balloon time
Resumen
Antecedentes

El presente estudio analiza una cohorte de pacientes consecutivos con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMCEST), evaluando los tiempos de isquemia-reperfusión desde la perspectiva de las diferencias de género (mujeres frente a hombres), con un seguimiento a largo plazo.

Métodos

Estudio de cohorte analítico unicéntrico de pacientes con IAMCEST en un hospital terciario, entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2020.

Resultados

Se incluyeron un total de 2.668 pacientes, 2.002 (75%) hombres y 666 (25%) mujeres. El tiempo transcurrido desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la apertura de la arteria fue de 197min (RIC 140-300) frente a 220min (RIC 152-340) en hombres y mujeres, respectivamente (p=0,004). Un retraso en la atención médica impacta significativamente en la ocurrencia de episodios adversos cardiovasculares en el seguimiento (HR 1,34 [IC 95% 1,06-1,70]; p=0,015).

Conclusiones

Las mujeres tardaron más en acudir a los servicios sanitarios y presentaron un mayor retraso tanto en el diagnóstico de IAMCEST como en la reperfusión coronaria. Es imperativo enfatizar la necesidad de educar a las mujeres sobre el reconocimiento de los síntomas de la cardiopatía isquémica, capacitándolas para que den la alerta temprana y busquen atención médica oportuna.

Palabras clave:
Mujeres
Infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST
Tiempo de atención
Retraso
Intervención coronaria percutánea
Sesgo de género
IAMCEST
Tiempo puerta-balón

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