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Inicio Radiología (English Edition) A review of the anatomy of the middle cerebral artery for the era of thrombectom...
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Vol. 63. Issue 6.
Pages 505-511 (November - December 2021)
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Vol. 63. Issue 6.
Pages 505-511 (November - December 2021)
Update in Radiology
A review of the anatomy of the middle cerebral artery for the era of thrombectomy: A radiologic tool based on CT angiography and perfusion CT
Repaso anatómico de la arteria cerebral media en la era de la trombectomía: una herramienta radiológica basada en la angio-TC y la TC perfusión
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S. Medrano-Martorella,b,
Corresponding author
Santimedra@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M. Pumar-Péreza, S. González-Ortiza,b, J. Capellades-Fonta
a Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the principal intracranial vessels. It is also the one that is most often involved in ischemic cerebrovascular disease, which accounts for a significant volume of brain imaging tests. With recent updates in the management of ischemic stroke (including intravascular treatment in increasingly distal vessels and in an increasingly widening spectrum of patients), it is becoming more important to know the details of the cerebral vascular anatomy to reach accurate diagnoses quickly and thereby improve patients’ prognoses. For these reasons, we present this anatomic review of the MCA, reviewing its segments and anatomic limits, its branching patterns, and its anatomic variants. We also provide a radiologic tool based on correlations between CT angiography and perfusion CT to facilitate the identification of the points of occlusion within the branches of the MCA, taking into account its different variants.

Keywords:
Anatomy
Middle cerebral artery
Stroke
CT angiography
Perfusion CT
Resumen

La arteria cerebral media es uno de los principales vasos intracraneales y el más implicado en la patología cerebrovascular isquémica, la cual constituye un importante volumen de nuestras exploraciones. Con las últimas actualizaciones en el manejo del ictus isquémico (que implican tratamiento intravascular sobre vasos cada vez más distales y en un espectro de pacientes cada vez más amplio) se hace más importante conocer al detalle la anatomía vascular cerebral, para poder establecer diagnósticos rápidos y certeros y mejorar así el pronóstico de los pacientes. Por ello, realizamos este repaso anatómico de la arteria cerebral media, revisando sus segmentos y límites anatómicos, sus patrones de ramificación y sus variantes anatómicas. A su vez, proporcionamos una herramienta radiológica basada en la correlación entre la angio-TC y la TC perfusión para facilitar la identificación de los puntos de oclusión dentro del árbol vascular de la arteria cerebral media teniendo en cuenta sus diferentes variantes.

Palabras clave:
Anatomía
Arteria cerebral media
Ictus
Angio-TC
TC perfusión

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