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Vol. 59. Issue 3.
Pages 209-217 (May - June 2017)
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Vol. 59. Issue 3.
Pages 209-217 (May - June 2017)
Radiology through images
Congenital anomalies of the pulmonary arteries: Spectrum of findings on computed tomography
Anomalías congénitas de las arterias pulmonares: espectro de hallazgos en tomografía computarizada
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J. Buenoa,
Corresponding author
julianabueno.m@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, L. Florsa, M. Mejíab
a Imagen Cardiotorácica, Departamento de Radiología e Imagen Médica, Universidad de Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
b Departamento de Radiología, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
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Abstract
Objective

Congenital anomalies of the pulmonary arteries are uncommon. They can occur in isolation or in association with congenital heart defects. Isolated congenital anomalies remain undiscovered until they are reported as incidental findings on imaging tests, usually not until adolescence. We review the embryological development and normal anatomy of the pulmonary arteries as well as the spectrum of computed tomography findings for various congenital anomalies: unilateral interruption of the pulmonary artery, anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery (pulmonary artery sling), idiopathic aneurysm of the pulmonary artery, and other anomalies associated with congenital heart defects.

Conclusion

Congenital anomalies of the pulmonary arteries represent a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and radiologists. Computed tomography is useful for their diagnosis, and general radiologists need to be familiar with their imaging appearance because they are often discovered incidentally.

Keywords:
Pulmonary arteries
Congenital anomalies
Pulmonary agenesis
Anomalous origin of the pulmonary artery
Tetralogy of Fallot
Computed tomography
Resumen

Las anomalías congénitas de las arterias pulmonares (AP) son poco frecuentes y pueden presentarse aisladas o asociadas a defectos cardiacos congénitos. En general, si son aisladas, suelen pasar clínicamente inadvertidas hasta la adolescencia y ser un hallazgo incidental en exploraciones radiológicas. Nuestro objetivo es revisar las bases embriológicas del desarrollo de las AP, su anatomía normal y el espectro de hallazgos por tomografía computarizada (TC) de sus anomalías congénitas, en concreto la interrupción unilateral de la AP, el origen anómalo de la AP izquierda (sling pulmonar), el aneurisma idiopático de la AP y otras anomalías asociadas a defectos cardiacos congénitos. Las anomalías congénitas de las AP representan un reto diagnóstico, tanto clínico como radiológico. La TC es una herramienta útil en su diagnóstico y el radiólogo general debe estar familiarizado con su apariencia, ya que pueden ser un hallazgo incidental.

Palabras clave:
Arterias pulmonares
Anomalías congénitas
Agenesia pulmonar
Origen anómalo de la arteria pulmonar
Tetralogía de Fallot
Tomografía computarizada

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