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Inicio Radiología (English Edition) Transrectal biopsy scheme can predict incorrect histological grading in prostate...
Journal Information
Vol. 56. Issue 4.
Pages 322-327 (July - August 2014)
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Vol. 56. Issue 4.
Pages 322-327 (July - August 2014)
Original Report
Transrectal biopsy scheme can predict incorrect histological grading in prostate cancer
El esquema de biopsia transrectal puede predecir la gradación histológica incorrecta del cáncer de próstata
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M.L. Nieto-Moralesa,
Corresponding author
luisaradazul@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, J. Fernández-Ramosb, L. Pérez-Méndezc,d, E. Alventosa-Fernándeza, M.S. Pastor-Santoveñab, A. Aguirre-Jaimed
a Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
b Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
c Enfermedades Respiratorias CIBER, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
d Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Characteristics of the studied sample (n=185).
Table 2. Gleason summatories of both the biopsy and surgical piece and validity parameters of the biopsy taking the surgical piece as the framework of reference.
Table 3. Concordance/matching of Gleason summatories of biopsy and surgical piece using the cut-off value of 7 as the criterion used when changing the therapeutic attitude.
Table 4. Assessment of the prevalence ratio of “unacceptable mismatch” between the Gleason summatory and the surgical piece as the result of the last iteration in the adjustment of the logistic regression analysis.
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Abstract
Objective

To identify factors that might explain why a prostate with a Gleason score (GS) <7 in the biopsy specimen can turn out to have a GS ≥7 in the surgical specimen.

Material and methods

We compared the GS of biopsy specimens with the GS of surgical specimens in 185 patients who underwent surgery for prostate cancer. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for the GS of the biopsy specimens. We used Cohen's kappa to determine the degree of concordance between a GS of <7 and ≥7 for the biopsy specimen and the surgical specimen. Age, a family history of prostate cancer, total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), digital rectal examination, prostate structure and volume, and the number of biopsy cores (biopsy scheme) were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Histological study of biopsy specimens yielded high sensitivity (98%) but low specificity (49%) for GS ≤6 and low sensitivity (35, 26%) and high specificity (93, 99%) for GS=7 and GS ≥7, respectively. Cohen's kappa for the GS from the biopsy and surgical specimens was 0.43 (95% CI=30–56%). The biopsy scheme was the only predictor of discordance in the GS between the two techniques. Among the other variables included in the model, only tPSA showed a slightly significant association. Taking a scheme with less than 7 cores as a reference, we found no difference with 8 to 9 cores but we did find a difference with 10 to 11 cores and with 12 or more cores, with a prevalence ratio of 0.138 (95% CI=0.030–0.513) and 0.277 (95% CI=0.091–0.806), respectively.

Conclusion

The GS of the biopsy depends on the scheme. This factor must be taken into account when choosing a treatment option in patients with low tumor grade in biopsy specimens.

Keywords:
Prostate tumor
Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy
Ultrasonography
Resumen
Objetivo

Identificar los factores por los que un sumatorio de Gleason (SG)<7 en la biopsia pase a ser ≥7 en la pieza quirúrgica.

Material y métodos

Se estudiaron 185 pacientes operados por cáncer de próstata comparando el SG de las biopsias con el de las piezas quirúrgicas. Se calcularon la sensibilidad, especificidad y los valores predictivos del SG de la biopsia. La concordancia de la biopsia y la intervención quirúrgica para establecer SG<7 y ≥7 fue estimada con el estadístico Kappa de Cohen. Se analizaron la edad, los antecedentes familiares de cáncer prostático, el antígeno prostático específico total (PSAt), el tacto transrectal, la estructura y el volumen prostáticos, y el número de cilindros de la biopsia (esquema de biopsia) utilizando una regresión logística multivariante.

Resultados

La biopsia tuvo una alta sensibilidad (98%) y una baja especificidad (49%) para los SG6; y una baja sensibilidad (35, 26%) y una alta especificidad (93, 99%) para los SG de 7 y ≥7, respectivamente. El índice Kappa de los SG fue de 0,43 (IC del 95%: 30-56%). El esquema de biopsia fue el único predictor del desacuerdo. Del resto de variables, solo el PSAt mostró una asociación significativa discreta. Tomando como referencia el esquema con <7 cilindros, no hallamos diferencia con 8-9 cilindros, pero sí con 10-11, y ≥12 cilindros, con una razón de prevalencia de 0,138 (IC 95%: 0,030-0,513) y de 0,277 (IC 95%: 0,091-0,806), respectivamente.

Conclusión

El SG de la biopsia depende del esquema. Este factor tiene que ser considerado a la hora de elegir una opción terapéutica en aquellos pacientes con un grado tumoral bajo en la biopsia.

Palabras clave:
Neoplasia de próstata
Biopsia prostática guiada por ecografía transrectal
Ecografía

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