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Inicio Rehabilitación Pronóstico funcional en la hemiplejia de origen vascular
Journal Information
Vol. 35. Issue 1.
Pages 9-14 (January 2001)
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Vol. 35. Issue 1.
Pages 9-14 (January 2001)
Pronóstico funcional en la hemiplejia de origen vascular
Functional prognosis in the vascular caused hemiplegia
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R. Palazón García*, S. Gil Hernández, P. Martínez Brándulas, R. Moreno Martín, S. Pérez álvarez, A. López-Collado Cornago
Servicio de Rehabilitación. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid.
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Resumen
Introducción

Los accidentes cerebrovasculares representan una causa muy frecuente de morbilidad y mortalidad, y por ello suponen un problema socioeconómico muy importante, por lo que es necesario conocer desde el principio el pronóstico de cada paciente.

El objetivo de este estudio es encontrar instrumentos que nos sirvan como predictores funcionales desde el momento del ingreso de los pacientes. Se analiza especialmente la influencia de las escalas de actividades de la vida diaria.

Material y métodos

La muestra se constituye por 57 pacientes que sufrieron un accidente cerebrovascular entre agosto y octubre de 1996, a los que se valoró mediante un protocolo que incluía factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas y otras variables consideradas como predictores funcionales, así como las escalas de Barthel y FIM, que se les aplicaba al ser remitidos a Rehabilitación, a los tres y a los seis meses.

Para evaluar los resultados funcionales se tuvo en cuenta el destino al alta de los pacientes, dependiendo de si volvían a su domicilio realizando una vida similar a la previa al ictus, si precisaban ingreso en centros para completar su tratamiento rehabilitador o si quedaban con una dependencia total (cuidados de enfermería).

Resultados y conclusiones

Los factores que se asocian con un peor pronóstico son el deterioro cognitivo y los trastornos del lenguaje.

El FIM se muestra como mejor predictor funcional que el índice de Barthel, y ambos constituyen buenos instrumentos a la hora de establecer un pronóstico en el hemipléjico de origen vascular.

Palabras clave:
Hemiplejia
Pronóstico
Accidente cerebro-vascular
Rehabilitación
Summary
Introduction

Cerebrovascular accidents represent a very frequent cause of morbidity and mortality, and thus are a very important socioeconomical problem, so that it is necessary to know the prognosis of each patient from the beginning.

This study aims to find instruments that serve as functional predictors from the time when the patients are admitted to hospital. Special analysis is given to the influence of the daily life activity scales.

Material and methods

The sample is made up of 57 patients who suffered a cerebrovascular accident between August and October 1996. They were assessed with a protocol that included risk factors, clinical manifestations and other variables that were considered to be functional predictors as well as with the Barthel and F.I.M. scales that were applied when they were sent to Rehabilitation at 3 and 6 months.

To evaluate the functional results, the destination on discharge of the patient was considered, depending on whether they could carry out a life style that was similar to that prior to their stroke when they returned to their home, if they had to be admitted to centers to complete their rehabilitation treatment of if they suffered a total dependency (nursing cares).

Results and conclusions

The factors that are associated to a worse prognosis are cognitive deterioration and language disorders. The FIM has been shown to be a better functional predictor than the Barthel index and both constitute good instruments when establishing a prognosis in the vascular related hemiplegic patient.

Key words:
Hemiplegia
Prognosis
Cerebrovascular Accident
Rehabilitation

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