Letter to the Director
A century with the Magill forceps
Un siglo con las pinzas de Magill
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Anaesthesia and reanimation on board the Spanish Navy Training Ship <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Juan Sebastián de Elcano</span>, our experience" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "358" "paginaFinal" => "360" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Océano, viento y soledad. 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(D) Telemedicine connection with the Gómez Ulla Military Hospital in Madrid (Spain) on 20 November 2019.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "R. Navarro Suay, S. Castillejo Pérez, A. Díaz Viudes, E. López Soberón" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Navarro Suay" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Castillejo Pérez" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Díaz Viudes" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." 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"apellidos" => "del Moral" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0034935620301195" "doi" => "10.1016/j.redar.2020.05.004" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0034935620301195?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341192920300962?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/23411929/0000006700000006/v1_202008190659/S2341192920300962/v1_202008190659/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Director</span>" "titulo" => "A century with the Magill forceps" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "To the Director," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "357" "paginaFinal" => "358" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "P. Romero-Ávila, C. Márquez-Espinós" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Romero-Ávila" "email" => array:2 [ 0 => "deromeroyavila@gmail.com" 1 => "deromeroyavila@hotmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Márquez-Espinós" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Un siglo con las pinzas de Magill" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "fuente" => "Reproduced with permission from Elsevier." "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2856 "Ancho" => 2167 "Tamanyo" => 615101 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sir Ivan Magill's original article describing his new forceps in the “Applliances and preparations” section of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">British Medical Journal</span>, October 1920.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Magill forceps are currently a basic part of the instrumentation needed for nasotracheal intubation, since they help manipulate the tube and guide it into the oral cavity. They should also be available during orotracheal intubation. These forceps can also be used to insert nasogastric tubes, oesophageal thermometers, place oropharyngeal tamponades, or remove foreign bodies from the upper airway.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Magill forceps still retain the original design devised by 1920 by Sir Ivan Whiteside Magill (1888–1986).</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At the beginning of the 20th century, increased use of ventilators and the development of airway management devices led to the emergence of intratracheal anaesthesia insufflation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Magill, who had studied medicine at Queen's University in Belfast in 1913, was more interested in surgery at first. However, after serving as a medical officer in the British Army during World War I (1914–1918), he ultimately chose to focus on anaesthesia, and in 1919 began working as an anaesthetist at Queen's Hospital in Sidcup, London. Having specialised in facial surgery, he soon became familiar with tracheal intubation after treating a large number of war victims.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Surgery on the oral cavity and lips frequently required nasal intubation, and surgeons sometimes had difficulty in inserting the tube through the glottis during this approach. To solve this problem, Stanley Rowbotham (1890–1979), one of Magill's colleagues at Sidcup, designed a special guiding rod that was passed through a speculum inserted in the mouth, allowing a tube inserted through the nose to be guided from the larynx to the trachea.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Magill, meanwhile, designed a pair of curved tweezers with circular serrated tips that gripped the tube without obstructing the field of vision. Like Rowbotham's method, the catheter was advanced into the trachea with the help of an electrically illuminated speculum. Magill, however, considered his forceps to have the following advantages over Rowbotham's guiding rod: (1) there is no injury to the end of the catheter, and therefore no liability of small pieces of the friable material being left in the trachea; (2) the catheter is more easily picked up in the oral pharynx, and once grasped the hold is secure, without the necessity of holding the free end which protrudes from the nose; (3) the forceps can be used at the side of, as well as inside, the speculum, and (4) the field of vision is always clear.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Magill's forceps were widely accepted and soon became indispensable in airway management; they are still used today. To mark the centenary of their invention, we have reproduced the original article published in the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">British Medical Journal</span>, on 30 October 1920 (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Romero-Ávila P, Márquez-Espinós C. Un siglo con las pinzas de Magill. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2020;67:357–358.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "fuente" => "Reproduced with permission from Elsevier." "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2856 "Ancho" => 2167 "Tamanyo" => 615101 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sir Ivan Magill's original article describing his new forceps in the “Applliances and preparations” section of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">British Medical Journal</span>, October 1920.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Intratracheal insufflation anaesthesia: considered from its physiological and clinical aspects" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "F.J. Cotton" 1 => "W.M. Boothby" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/00000658-191301000-00003" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Surg" "fecha" => "1913" "volumen" => "57" "paginaInicial" => "43" "paginaFinal" => "63" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17862956" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sir Ivan Magill KCVO, DSc, MB, BCh, BAO, FRCS, FFARCS (Hon), FFARCSI (Hon), DA (1888–1986)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "G. McLachlan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ulster Med J" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "77" "paginaInicial" => "146" "paginaFinal" => "152" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18956794" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Intratracheal anesthesia by the nasal route for operation on the mouth and lips" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "S. Rowbotham" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/bmj.2.6190.590" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Br Med J" "fecha" => "1920" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "590" "paginaFinal" => "591" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/497715" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Forceps for intratracheal anaesthesia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "I. Magill" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/bmj.2.6191.670" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Br Med J" "fecha" => "1920" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "670" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/497783" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/23411929/0000006700000006/v1_202008190659/S2341192920300834/v1_202008190659/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "66474" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letter to the Director" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/23411929/0000006700000006/v1_202008190659/S2341192920300834/v1_202008190659/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2341192920300834?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
