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Vol. 22. Issue 1.
Pages 2-8 (January 2002)
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Vol. 22. Issue 1.
Pages 2-8 (January 2002)
ASPECTOS PSICOLÓGICOS DE LA PERSONA CON FISURA PALATINA
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L.. Valero Aguayo
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Las personas con fisura del paladar y el labio leporino presentan habitualmente problemas específicos de lenguaje y articulación que son tratados por los psicólogos especializados en lenguaje y los logopedas. Pero además suelen presentar problemas de dentición y resonancia que agravan la inteligibilidad de su lenguaje, a lo que se añaden problemas faciales que suelen conllevar actitudes negativas en los demás. En este artículo se incide especialmente en las repercusiones psicológicas y del comportamiento que suponen esas alteraciones verbales. Entre esas repercusiones: la ansiedad social, el aislamiento, la timidez o falta de asertividad, pensamientos depresivos y falta de autoestima son las más frecuentes. En adolescentes, por reacción a su entorno, pueden aparecer problemas de rechazo, agresividad y actitudes desafiantes. Problemas todos ellos habituales en cualquier otro tipo de persona con discapacidad o aspecto físico poco atractivo. Se relacionan especialmente los diferentes programas preventivos, desarrollados con y para los padres, como forma de minimizar esas repercusiones psicológicas en los niños que presentan fisura del labio y paladar.
Palabras clave:
Fisura palatina, labio leporino, problemas psicológicos, programas preventivos con padres
Persons with cleft palate and harelip usually have specific language and articulation problems which are treated by specialized psychologists and speech therapists. However, they usually also have problems with dentition and vocal resonance that exacerbate the poor intelligibility of their speech. In addition, facial problems can cause others to express negative attitudes. This article deals with the psychological and behavioral repercussions of these verbal alterations. Among the most frequent consequences are: social anxiety, loneliness, shyness and lack of assertiveness, depressive thoughts, and low self-stem. In adolescents, for reactions to their environment can lead to problems of rejection, aggressiveness and defiant attitudes. These problems are relatively frequent in persons with any type of disability or unusual feature in their physical appearance. Preventive programs developed with and for parents and aimed at minimizing the psychological repercussions in the children with cleft palate and harelip are described.
Keywords:
Cleft palate, harelip, psychological problems, prevention programs

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