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Inicio Cirugía Española Últimos avances en el campo del trasplante de islotes de Langerhans
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Vol. 70. Núm. 6.
Páginas 310-313 (diciembre 2001)
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Vol. 70. Núm. 6.
Páginas 310-313 (diciembre 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Últimos avances en el campo del trasplante de islotes de Langerhans
Update in clinical islet transplantation
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J. Arias Díaza
Autor para correspondencia
javardi@wanadoo.es

Correspondencia: J. Arias Díaz. Servicio de Cirugía II. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Ciudad Universitaria, s/n. 28040 Madrid
, J.L. Balibrea
Departamento de Cirugía. Hospital Clínico San Carlos
E. Vara*
* Departamento de Bioquímica. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Complutense. Madrid
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Bibliografía
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Resumen

Las complicaciones tardías de la diabetes constituyen un importante problema de salud pública y hoy día está demostrado que se deben a que el tratamiento habitual con insulina inyectada proporciona un control inadecuado de la glucemia. En pacientes con diabetes tipo I, se puede conseguir un buen control glucémico mediante la terapia intensiva con insulina o mediante un trasplante de páncreas. La terapia intensiva con insulina no logra normalizar las cifras de hemoglobina glucosilada y presenta un riesgo considerable de crisis de hipoglucemia. El trasplante de páncreas proporciona un control metabólico excelente y, aunque sus resultados han mejorado espectacularmente durante la última década, continúa siendo un procedimiento invasivo y con una morbilidad significativa. El trasplante de islotes aislados representa la alternativa más lógica para el tratamiento de estos pacientes. En un estudio reciente, que utiliza un innovador régimen inmunosupresor, el trasplante de islotes se acompañó de una morbilidad irrelevante y logró en todos los pacientes un buen control metabólico con normalización de la hemoglobina glucosilada e independencia de la insulina mantenidas

Palabras clave:
Diabetes
Trasplante de islotes
Trasplante celular

The long-term complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have become a major health care problem, and it is now clear that they arise from inadequate homeostatic control of blood glucose by injected replacement insulin. In patients with type I diabetes, glycemic control can be achieved with intensive insulin therapy and pancreatic transplantation. Intensive insulin therapy does not normalize glycosilated hemoglobin values and may cause severe hypoglycemia. Pancreatic transplantation provides excellent glycemic control, and although the outcome of the procedure has improved dramatically over the past decade, it remains an invasive procedure with a substantial risk of morbidity. Transplantation of pancreatic islets is arguably the most logical approach to restoring metabolic homeostasis in people with diabetes. In a recent trial, using an improved immunosuppressive regimen, islet transplantation has been associated with a minimal risk of morbidity and uniformly resulted in good metabolic control, with normalization of glycosylated hemoglobin values and sustained freedom from the need for exogenous insulin

Key words:
Diabetes
Islet transplantation
Cell transplantation
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Bibliografía
[1.]
A.M. Shapiro, J.R. Lakey, E.A. Ryan, G.S. Korbutt, E. Toth, G.I. Warnock, et al.
Islet transplantation in seven patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a glucocorticoid-free immunosuppressive regimen.
N Engl J Med, 343 (2000), pp. 230-238
[2.]
F. Pattou, M.C. Vantyghem, C. Noel, J. Kerr-Conte, V. Gmyr, I. Martinache, et al.
Sequential intraportal islet allografts in immunosuppressed type I diabetic patients: preliminary results.
Transplant Proc, 32 (2000), pp. 391-392
[3.]
L. Luzi, G. Perseghin, M. Brendel, I. Terruzzi, A. Battezzati, M. Eckhard, et al.
Metabolic effects of restoring partial beta-cell function after islet allotransplantation in type I diabetic patients.
Diabetes, 50 (2001), pp. 277-282
[4.]
P. Fiorina, P. Maffi, F. Bertuzzi, V. Di Carlo, G. Pozza, A. Secchi, et al.
Long term islet function could improve actuarial survival and cardiovascular outcome in uremic IDDM kidney transplanted patients.
Acta Diabetologica, 37 (2001), pp. 151
[5.]
D. De La Tour, T. Halvorsen, C. Demeterco, B. Tyrberg, P. Itkin-Ansari, M. Loy, et al.
Beta-cell differentiation from a human pancreatic cell line in vitro and in vivo.
Mol Endocrinol, 15 (2001), pp. 476-483
[6.]
P. Salmon, J. Oberholzer, T. Occhiodoro, P. Morel, J. Lou, D. Trono.
Reversible immortalization of human primary cells by lentivector-mediated transfer of specific genes.
Mol Ther, 2 (2000), pp. 404-414
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Adult human cytokeratin 19-positive cells reexpress insulin promoter factor 1 in vitro: further evidence for pluripotent pancreatic stem cells in humans.
Diabetes, 49 (2000), pp. 1671-1680
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Europe confronts the embryonic stem cell research challenge.
Science, 287 (2000), pp. 1425-1427
[11.]
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Dominant negative MyD88 proteins inhibit interleukin-1 beta/interferon- gamma-mediated induction of nuclear factor kappa B-dependent nitrite production and apoptosis in beta cells.
J Biol Chem, 275 (2000), pp. 37672-37678
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Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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