Información de la revista
Vol. 15. Núm. 5.
Páginas 196-232 (enero 2003)
Vol. 15. Núm. 5.
Páginas 196-232 (enero 2003)
Acceso a texto completo
Documento de consenso: obesidad y riesgo cardiovascular
Visitas
8589
a Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Obesidad (SEEDO)
J. Arancetab
b Sociedad Española de Nutrición Comunitaria (SENC)
B. Gilc
c Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)
d Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA)
T. Mantillae
e Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria (SEMFYC)
f Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición (SEEN)
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía general
[Alastrue, 1995]
A. Alastrue, A. Rull, X. Formiguera, S. Johnston, D. Casas, et al.
Obesidad mórbida. Reflexiones sobre un protocolo quirúrgico (II). Experiencia acumulada durante 5 años.
Nutr Hosp, 10 (1995), pp. 321-330
[Clinical, 2002]
American Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Recommendations.
Diabetes Care, 25 (2002),
[Anonymous, 1995]
Anonymous.
Sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate.
Drugs Future, 20 (1995), pp. 847-848
[Aranceta, 1996]
J. Aranceta, M. Barbany, D. Bellido.
Consenso Español 1995 para la evaluación de la obesidad y para la realización de estudios epidemiológicos. Grupo colaborativo Español en Obesidad.
Med Clin (Barc), 107 (1996), pp. 782-787
[Aranceta, 2000]
J. Aranceta, M. Barbany, D. Bellido, et al.
en representación del grupo de expertos. Consenso ’2000 para la evolución del sobrepeso y la obesidad y establecimiento de criterios de intervención terapéutica.
Med Clin (Barc), 3 (2000), pp. 285-299
[Aranceta Bartrina, 2001]
J. Aranceta Bartrina, L.l. Serra Majem, L. Ribas Barba, C. Pérez Rodrigo.
Factores determinantes de la obesidad en la población infantile y juvenile española.
Obesidad infantil y juvenil. Estudio enKid, pp. 109-128
[Aranceta, 1995]
J. Aranceta, C. Pérez, I. Marzana, I. Egileor, L. González de Galdeano, J. Sáenz de Buruaga.
Encuesta de nutrición de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca.Tendencias de consumo alimentario, indicadores bioquímicos y estado nutricional de la población adulta.
[Aranceta, 2001]
J. Aranceta, C. Pérez-Rodrigo, L.l. Serra-Majem, L. Ribas, J. Quiles-Izquierdo, J. Vioque, et al.
and Spanish Collaborative Group for the Study of Obesity. Influence of sociodemographic factors in the prevalence of obesity in Spain. The SEEDO’97 Study.
Eur J Clin Nutr, 55 (2001), pp. 430-435
[Aranceta, 1998]
J. Aranceta, C. Pérez Rodrigo, L.l. Serra Majem, L. Ribas, J. Quiles Izquierdo, J. Vioque, et al.
Prevalencia de la obesidad en España: estudio SEEDO’ 97.
Med Clin (Barc), 111 (1998), pp. 441-445
[Aranceta, 2002]
Aranceta J, Pérez Rodrigo C, Serra Majem Ll, Ribas L, Quiles Izquierdo J, Vioque J, et al, y Grupo Colaborativo para el Estudio de la Obesidad en España. Prevalencia de obesidad en España: actualización con el estudio SEEDO’2000. Med Clin (Barc) 2002 (pendiente de confirmación)
[Aronson, 1996]
D. Aronson, E.J. Rayfeld.
Diabetes and obesity.
Atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Vol 1, pp. 327-359
[Atkins, 1973]
R.C. Atkins.
Dr. Atkins Diet revolution.
[Barbany, 1999]
M. Barbany, M. Carrillo.
Tratamiento dietético de la obesidad.
Form Cont Nutr Obes, 2 (1999), pp. 226-236
[Baron, 1996]
A.D. Baron.
Insulin and vasculature. Old actors, new roles.
J Clin Invest Med, 44 (1996), pp. 406-441
[Baron, 1993]
A.D. Baron, G. Brechtel.
Insulin differentially regulates systemic and skeletal muscle vascular resistance.
Am J Physiol, 265 (1993), pp. E61-E67
[Barrett-Connor, 1985]
E.L. Barrett-Connor.
Obesity, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease.
Ann Intern Med, 103 (1985), pp. 1010-1019
[Bastard, 1995]
J.P. Bastard, E. Bruckert, J.J. Robert, A. Ankri, A. Grimaldi, C. Jardel, et al.
Are free fatty acids related to plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in android obesity?.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 19 (1995), pp. 836-838
[Blair, 1993]
S.N. Blair.
Evidence for success of exercise in weight loss and control.
Ann Inter Med, 119 (1993), pp. 702-706
[Bouchard, 1991]
C. Bouchard.
Current understanding of the etiology of the obesity: genetic and nongenetic factor.
Am J Clin Nutr, 53 (1991), pp. 1561-1565
[Bray, 1998]
G. Bray, C. Bouchard, W.P.T. James.
Definitions and proposed current classification of obesity.
Handbook of obesity, pp. 31-40
[Bray, 1996]
G.A. Bray.
Obesity: heath hazards of obesity.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 25 (1996), pp. 907-919
[Bretón, 2000]
I. Bretón, M.C. Cuerda, M. Camblor, P. García Peris.
Técnicas de composición corporal en el estudio de la obesidad.
Obesidad: la epidemia del siglo XXI, pp. 169-190
[Campbell, 2000]
P. Campbell, R. Dhand.
Obesity.
Nature, 404 (2000), pp. 631
[Carey, 1996]
D.G. Carey, A.B. Jenkins, L.V. Campbell.
Abdominal fat and insulin resistance in normal and overweigh women: direct measurement reveal a strong relationship in subject at both low and high risk of NIDDM.
Diabetes, 45 (1996), pp. 633-638
[Carrillo, 2000]
M. Carrillo, M. Barbany, M. Foz.
Protocolos Obesidad.
[Cassasus, 1992]
P. Cassasus, A. Fontbonne, N. Thibult.
Upper body fat distribution: a hyperinsulinemia independent predictor of coronary heart disease mortality – The Paris prospective study.
Arterioscler Thromb, 12 (1992), pp. 1387-1392
[Cheetham, 1996]
S.C. Cheetham, J.A. Viggers, S.A. Butler, M.R. Prow, D.J. Heal.
[3H] Nisoxetine –a radioligand for noradrenaline reuptake sites: correlation with inhibition of [3H] Noradrenaline and effect of DSP-4 lesioning and antidepressant treatments.
Neuropharmacology, 35 (1996), pp. 63-70
[Cheethan, 1997]
S.C. Cheethan, J.A. Viggers, N.A. Slater, D.J. Heal.
[3H] Paroxetine binding indicates that sibutramine is not neurotoxic and, like fluoxetine, it protects against the deficits in 5-HT reuptake sites produced by d-fenfluramine.
Br J Pharmacol, 120 (1997), pp. 349P
[Connoley, 1996]
I.P. Connoley, I. Frost, D.J. Heal, M.J. Stock.
Role of β-adrenoreceptors in mediating the thermogenic effects of sibutramine.
Br J Pharmacol, 117 (1996), pp. 170P
[De la Cuerda, 1997]
C. De la Cuerda, M. Camblor, Y. Bretón.
Dietas de muy bajo contenido calórico.
Obesidad: la epidemia del siglo XXI, pp. 276-291
[Sandoz, 1987]
Departament de Sanitat i Seguretat Social. Generalitat de Catalunya. Estàndards transversals de creixement de la població infantil y adolescent de Catalunya. Publ. Sandoz, 1987
[Jover, 1998]
Dislipemia y Obesidad, E. Jover, J. Millán, coordinadores.
Documento de consenso SEA, SEEDO y SEEN.
Form Cont Nutr Obes, 1 (1998), pp. 58-92
[Douketis, 1999]
J.D. Douketis, J.W. Feightner, J. Attia, W.F. Feldman.
Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. Periodic Health Examination, 1999 update: 1. Detection, prevention and treatment of obesity.
Can Med Assoc J, 160 (1999), pp. 513-525
[Drenick, 1979]
E.J. Drenick.
Definition and health consequences of morbid obesity.
Surg Clin North Am, 59 (1979), pp. 963-976
[Drent, 1995]
M.L. Drent, E.A. Van der Veen.
First clinical studies with Orlistat: a short review.
Obes Res, 3 (1995), pp. 623S-625S
[Esquius, 1993]
M. Esquius.
Parámetros antropométricos de referencia de la población anciana. Med.
Clin (Barc), 100 (1993), pp. 692-698
[Estudio, 1999]
Estudio prospectivo Delphi.
Costes sociales y económicos de la obesidad y sus patologías asociadas.
[Milan, 1999]
European Association for the Study of Obesity. The Milan Declaration. 9th European Congress on Obesity. Milan, 3-6 June, 1999
[Adult, 2001]
Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel of Detection Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III.).
Jama, 285 (2001), pp. 2486-2497
[tExpert, 1993]
Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Summary of the Second Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II).
Jama, 269 (1993), pp. 3015-3023
[treatment, 1998]
Expert panel on the identification evaluation and treatment of overweight in adults. Clinical guidelines on the identification evaluation and treatment in adults. Executive Summary.
Am J Clin Nutr, 68 (1998), pp. 899-917
[Field, 2001]
A.E. Field, E.H. Coakley, A. Must, J.L. Spadano, et al.
Impact of overweight on the risk of developing common chronic diseases during a 10-year period.
Arch Intern Med, 161 (2001), pp. 1581
[Fitchet, 1997]
M. Fitchet, G. Shepherd, F. Kelly.
Sibutramine: a meta-analysis of changes in fasting serum lipids in placebo controlled studies.
Int J Obes, 21 (1997), pp. 53
[Foz, 1999]
M. Foz.
La Declaración de Milán.
Med Clin (Barc), 113 (1999), pp. 494-495
[Franz, 2002]
M.J. Franz, J.P. Bantle, C.A. Beebe, J.D. Brunzell, et al.
Evidence-based nutrition principles and recommendation for the treatment and prevention of diabetes related complications (Technical Review).
Diabetes Care, 25 (2002), pp. S136-S138
[Freedman, 1987]
D.S. Freedman, C.l. Shear, C.L. Burke, S.R. Srinivasan, L.S. Webber, D.W. Harsha, et al.
Persistence of juvenile onset obesity over light years: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Am J Public Health, 77 (1987), pp. 588-592
[Friedman, 1995]
M.A. Friedman.
Psychological correlation of obesity: moving to the next research generation.
Psychological Bull, 117 (1995), pp. 3-20
[Gargallo, 1997]
M. Gargallo, C. De la Cuerda, M. Garrido.
Tratamiento farmacológico de la obesidad. Nuevas perspectivas.
Obesidad: presente y futuro, pp. 233-245
[Gaudet, 1998]
D. Gaudet, M.C. Vohl, P. Perron, et al.
Relationships of abdominal obesity and hiperinsulinemia to angiographically assessed coronary artery disease in men with known mutations in the LDL receptor gene.
Circulation, 97 (1998), pp. 871
[Godfrey, 2001]
K.M. Godfrey, D.J.P. Barker.
Fetal programming and adult health.
Public Health Nutr, 4 (2001), pp. 611-624
[Goldstein, 1994]
D.J. Goldstein, J.H. Potvin.
Long-term weight loss: the effect of pharmacologic agents.
Am J Clin Nutr, 60 (1994), pp. 647-657
[Gortmaker, 1993]
S.L. Gortmaker, A. Must, J.M. Perrin.
Social and economic consequences of overweigh in adolescence and young adulthood.
New Engl J Med, 329 (1993), pp. 1008-1012
[Gutiérrez-Fisac, 2000]
J.L. Gutiérrez-Fisac, J.R. Banegas Banegas, F. Rodríguez Artalejo, E. Regidor.
Increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among Spanish adults, 1987-1997.
Int J Obesity, 24 (2000), pp. 1677-1682
[Gutiérrez, 1994]
J.L. Gutiérrez Fisac, E. Regidor, C. Rodríguez.
Prevalencia de la obesidad en España.
Med Clin (Barc), 102 (1994), pp. 10-13
[Hazenberg, 1996]
B.P. Hazenberg, S.G. Johnson, F. Kelly.
Sibutramine in the treatment of obese subjects with hypertension.
Int J Obes, 20 (1996), pp. 156
[Hernández, 1988]
M. Hernández, J. Castellet, J.L. Narvaiza, et al.
Curvas y tablas de crecimiento. Fundación F. Orbegozo.
[Heymsfield, 1998]
S.B. Heymsfield, D.B. Allison, Z.M. Wang, R.N. Baumgartner, R. Ross.
Evaluation of total and regional body composition.
Handbook of obesity, pp. 41-70
[Hirsch, 1991]
J. Hirsch, R.L. Leibel.
A biological basis for human obesity.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 73 (1991), pp. 1153-1157
[Hunt, 2001]
M.E. Hunt, P.G. O’Malley, M.N. Vernalis, et al.
C-reactive protein is not associated with the presence or extent of calcified subclinical atherosclerosis.
Am Heart J, 141 (2001), pp. 206
[Isner, 1979]
J.M. Isner, H.E. Sours, A.L. Paris.
Sudden, unexpected death in avid dieters using the liquid protein modifiest-fast diet: observations in the role of the prolonged QT interval.
Circulation, 60 (1979), pp. 1401-1412
[James, 2000]
W.P.T. James, A. Astrup, N. Finer, et al.
For the STORM group. Effect of sibutramine on weight maintenance after weight loss: a randomized trial.
Lancet, 356 (2000), pp. 2119-2125
[Jakicic, 1999]
J.M. Jakicic, C. Winters, W. Lang, R.R. Wing.
Effects of intermittent exercise and use of home exercise equipment on adherence, weight loss, and fitness in overweight women. A randomized trial.
Jama, 282 (1999), pp. 1554-1560
[Jebb, 1999]
S.A. Jebb, M.S. Moore.
Contribution of a sedentary lifestyle and inactivity to the etiology of overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues.
Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31 (1999), pp. S534-S541
[Jeffery, 1995]
R.W. Jeffery, C.W. Gray, S.A. French, et al.
Evaluation of a weight reduction in community intervention for cardiovascular disease risk: changes in body mass index in the Minnesota Heart Health Program.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 19 (1995), pp. 30-39
[tJNC, 1997]
JNC VI.
Arch Intern Med, 157 (1997), pp. 2413-2446
[Jover, 1990]
E. Jover.
Tabaco y arteriosclerosis.
Cardiovasc Rev Rep, 11 (1990), pp. 40-46
[Kalkhoff, 1983]
R.K. Kalkhoff, A.H. Hartz, D. Rupley, A.H. Kissebah, S. Kelber.
Relationship of body fat distribution to blood pressure, carbohydrate tolerance, and plasma lipids in healthy obese women.
J Lab Clin Med, 102 (1983), pp. 621-627
[Kannel, 1967]
W.B. Kannel, M. Brand, J.J. Skinner Jr., T.R. Dawber, P.M. McNamara.
The relation of adiposity to blood pressure and development of hypertension.
Ann Intern Med, 67 (1967), pp. 48-59
[Kannel, 1979]
W.B. Kannel, T. Gordon.
Obesity in America. Physiological and medical concomitants of obesity: the Framingham Study.
Bray G de, (1979), pp. 125-163
[Kirchmar, 1995]
R. Kirchmar, C.F. Ebenbichler, J.R. Patsch.
Post-prandial lipaemia.
Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab, 9 (1995), pp. 705-719
[Kopelman, 2000]
P.G. Kopelman.
Obesity is a medical problem.
Nature, 404 (2000), pp. 635-643
[Laakson, 1990]
M. Laakson, Edelman, G. Brechtel, A.D. Baron.
Decreased effect of insulin to stimulate skeletal muscle blood flow in obese man: a novel mechanism for insulin resistance.
J Clin Invest, 85 (1990), pp. 1844-1852
[Laakson, 1992]
M. Laakson, Edelman, G. Brechtel, A.D. Baron.
Impaired insulin mediated skeletal muscle blood flow in patients with NIDDM.
Diabetes, 41 (1992), pp. 1076-1083
[Larrad, 2000]
A. Larrad, C. Sánchez Cabezudo, B. Moreno.
Tratamiento quirúrgico de la obesidad.
pp. 340-371
[Larson, 1984]
B. Larson, K. Svadsur, L. Welin, L. Wilhemsen, P. Bjorntorp, G. Tibblin.
Abdominal adipose tissue distribution, obesity and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: 13 year follow-up of participants in the study of men born in 1913.
Bmj, 288 (1984), pp. 1401-1404
[Lee, 1999]
C.D. Lee, S.N. Blair, A.S. Jackson.
Cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men.
Am J Clin Nutr, 69 (1999), pp. 373-380
[Leutenegger, 1997]
M. Leutenegger, C. Hanotin, F. Thomas, E. Leutenegger.
Sibutramine in the treatment of obese patients presenting a risk of developing diabetes.
Int J Obes, 21 (1997), pp. 55
[cardiovascular, 1990]
Lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease.
Arteriosclerosis, 1 (1990), pp. 497-511
[Liu, 1996]
Y.L. Liu, S.M.Z. Kashani, D.J. Heal, M.J. Stock.
Effect of sibutramine on tissue glucose utilisation in the rat.
Br J Pharmacol, 117 (1996), pp. 324P
[Loughlin, 1983]
T. Loughlin, S.K. Cunningham, M. Culliton.
Altered androstendione and estrone dynamics associated with abnormal hormonal profiles in amenorrheic subjects with weight loss or obesity.
Fertil Steril, 43 (1983), pp. 720
[Lundgren, 1996]
C.H. Lundgren, S.L. Brown, T.K. Nordt, B.E. Sobel, S. Fujii.
Elaboration of type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor from adipocytes. A potential pathogenetic link between obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Circulation, 93 (1996), pp. 106-110
[McNeely, 1998]
W. McNeely, P. Banfield.
Orlistat.
Drug, 56 (1998), pp. 241-249
[Mokdad, 1999]
A.H. Mokdad, M.K. Serdula, W.H. Dietz, B.A. Bowman, J.S. Marks, J.P. Koplan.
The spread of the obesity epidemic in the United States, 1991- 1998.
Jama, (1999), pp. 1519-1522
[Molinero, 1992]
J. Molinero, E. Jover, A. Martín, I.M. López, J.M. Escudero, A. Lorenzo.
Influencia del hábito tabáquico sobre algunas fracciones de lípidos plasmáticos, presión arterial y glucemia.
Clin Invest Arteriosclerosis, 4 (1992), pp. 56-62
[Moreno, 2000]
B. Moreno, S. Monereo, J. Álvarez, editores.
Obesidad: la epidemia del siglo XXI.
[Moreno, 2001]
B. Moreno, F.J. Ranera, A.I. Jiménez.
Tratamiento farmacológico de la obesidad.
Sobrepeso y obesidad, pp. 149-174
[Moreno, 2001]
B. Moreno, P. Rodríguez, E. Palacio.
Concepto y clasificación de la obesidad.
Sobrepeso y obesidad, pp. 31-50
[Moreno, 1997]
B. Moreno, T. Lajo, E. Cáncer, V. Álvarez.
Dietas aberrantes y heterodoxas: un grave problema sanitario.
Obesidad: presente y futuro, pp. 215-222
[Moreno, 2000]
B. Moreno, E. Hernández, R. Ortega, E. Cancer, T. Lajo.
Fraudes y Milagros en el tratamiento de la obesidad.
Obesidad: la epidemia del siglo XXI, pp. 453-470
[Moreno, 1988]
Moreno B, Monereo S, Moreno FJ, Desco M. Curvas de crecimiento en los niños de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. Salud Rural. Jarpyo Ed., 1, 1988
[Moreno, 2001]
Moreno B. Estudio 2001 de la obesidad infantil en la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid [en prensa]
[para, 1997]
National Health and Medical Research Council. Acting on Australia’s weight: a strategic plan for the prevention of overweight and obesity.
[National Task Force, in press]
National Task Force on Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. Disponible en: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/fund/divisions/DDN/obesitytaskforce.htm
[NIH, 1991]
NIH Consensus Development Conference Draft Statement on Gastrointestinal Surgery for severe obesity.
Obesity Surgery, 1 (1991), pp. 257-265
[Bethesda, 1999]
NIH. National Institutes of Health. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Clinical Guidelines on the identification, evaluation and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. The evidence report. Bethesda, 1999
[Obesity, 2000]
Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. Technical report series n.º 894. Geneva WHO, 2000
[Oya, 1997]
M. Oya, R. Domínguez, M. Heath.
The effect of sibutramine induced weight loss in obese subjects with hyperlipidaemia.
Int J Obes, 21 (1997), pp. 54
[Palou, 2000]
A. Palou, F. Serra, M.L. Bonet, C. Picó.
Obesity: molecular basis of a multifactorial problem.
Eur J Nutr, 39 (2000), pp. 127-144
[Pérez Rodrigo, 2003]
C. Pérez Rodrigo, L. Ribas Barba, L.l. Serra Majem, J. Aranceta Bartrina.
Estrategias de prevención de la obesidad infantil y juvenil.
Obesidad infantil y juvenil. Estudio enKid, pp. 165-176
[Pi-Sunyer, 1993]
F.X. Pi-Sunyer.
Medical hazards of obesity.
Ann Intern Med, 119 (1993), pp. 655-660
[Pouliot, 1994]
M.C. Pouliot, J.P. Despres, S. Lemieux, S. Moorjani, C. Bouchard, A. Tremblay, et al.
Waist circumference and abdominal saggital diameter. Best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women.
Am J Cardiol, 73 (1994), pp. 460-468
[Pyorala, 1998]
M. Pyorala, H. Miettinen, M. Laakson, et al.
Hiperinsulinemia predicts coronary heart disease risk in healthy middle-aged men: the 22 year follow-up results of the Helsinki Policemen Study.
Circulation, 98 (1998), pp. 398
[Pyörsis, 2000]
M. Pyörsis, H. Miettinen, M. Laakson, K. Pyörsis.
Plasma insulin and allcause, cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality. the 22 year follow-up results of the Helsinki policemen Study.
Diabetes Care, 23 (2000), pp. 1097
[Ricart, 1993]
W. Ricart, F. González Huix, V. Conde, et al.
Grup per a l’avaluació de la composició corporal de la població de Catalunya. Valoración del estado de nutrición a través de parámetros antropométricos. Nuevas tablas en la población laboral de Cataluña.
Med Clin (Barc), 100 (1993), pp. 681-691
[Rubio, 1997]
J.A. Rubio, J. Álvarez, M. Botella.
Etiopatogenia de la obesidad.
Obesidad: presente y futuro, pp. 95-105
[Seidell, 1995]
J.C. Seidell.
Obesity in Europe: scaling an epidemic.
Int J Obes, 19 (1995), pp. S1-S4
[Shepherd, 1997]
G. Shepherd, M. Fitchet, F. Kelly.
Sibutramine: a meta-analysis of the change in fasting plasma glucose in patients with a high baseline fasting value (> 5.5 mmol/l).
Int J Obes, 21 (1997), pp. 54
[Sjostrom, 1999]
C.D. Sjostrom, L. Lissner, H. Wedel, L. Sjostrom.
Reduction in incidence of diabetes, hypertension and lipid disturbances after intentional weight loss induced by bariatric surgery: the SOS Intervention Study.
Obes Res, 7 (1999), pp. 477
[Dislipemia, 1998]
Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Obesidad (SEEDO), Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición (SEEN). Dislipemia y obesidad.
Form Cont Nutr Obes, 2 (1998), pp. 58-92
[para, 1996]
Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Obesidad (SEEDO). Consenso español 1995 para la evaluación de la obesidad y para la realización de estudios epidemiológicos.
Med Clin (Barc), 107 (1996), pp. 782-787
[para, 2000]
Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Obesidad (SEEDO). Consenso SEEDO’2000 para la evaluación del sobrepeso y la obesidad y el establecimiento de criterios de intervención terapéutica.
Med Clin (Barc), 115 (2000), pp. 587-597
[Stec, 2000]
J.J. Stec, H. Silbershatz, G.H. Ofler, et al.
Association of fibrinogen with cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease in the Framingham offspring population.
Circulation, 102 (2000), pp. 1634
[Steooan, 2001]
C.M. Steooan, S.T. Bailey, S. Bhat, E.J. Brown, R. Bannerjee, et al.
The hormone resistine links obesity to diabetes.
Nature, 409 (2001), pp. 307-312
[Stefanick, 2001]
M.L. Stefanick.
Obesity: role of physical activity.
Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of disease, pp. 481-497
[Steinberg, 1996]
H.O. Steinberg, H. Chaker, R. Leaming, A. Jonson, G. Brechtel, A.D. Baron.
Obesity/insulin resistance is associated with endothelial dysfunction.
J Clin Invest, 97 (1996), pp. 2601-2610
[The, 1998]
The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Executive summary of the clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults.
J Am Diet Assoc, 98 (1998), pp. 1178-1191
[Trichopoulou, 2000]
A. Trichopoulou, C. Gnardellis, A. Lagiou, V. Benetou, D. Trichopoulos.
Body mass index in relation to energy intake and expenditure among adults in Greece.
Epidemiology, 11 (2000), pp. 333-336
[Tuck, 1981]
M.L. Tuck, J. Sowers, L. Dornfeld.
The effect of weight reduction on blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone levels in obese patients.
N Engl J Med, 304 (1981), pp. 930-933
[Vague, 1947]
J. Vague.
La differentiation sexuelle facteur determinant des formes de l’obesité.
La Press Medicale, 53 (1947), pp. 339-348
[Van, 1999]
M.A. Van Baak.
Physical activity and energy balance.
Public Health Nutr, 2 (1999), pp. 335-339
[Van, 1995]
L.F. Van Gaal, A. Zhang, M.M. Steijaert, I.H. De Leeuw.
Human obesity: from lipid abnormalities to lipid oxidation.
Int J Obes, 19 (1995), pp. 521-526
[Van, 1985]
T.B. Van Itallie, G.A. Gray, W.E. Connor.
Task Force of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition: guidelines for surgery for morbid obesity.
Am J Clin Nutr, 42 (1985), pp. 904-905
[Vázquez, 1997]
C. Vázquez, D. Del Olmo, T. López del Val.
Tratamiento dietético: dieta hipocalórica equilibrada.
Obesidad: presente y futuro, pp. 191-202
[Waller, 1994]
D.K. Waller, J.L. Mills, J.L. Simpson.
Are obese women at higher risk for producing malformed offsprig?.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 170 (1994), pp. 541-548
[Programme, 1998]
WHO: Programme of Nutrition, Family and Reproductive Health. Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation on obesity. Ginebra 3-5 junio 1997.
[Wolf, 1998]
A.M. Wolf, G.A. Colditz.
Current estimates of the economic costs of obesity in the United States.
Obes Res, 6 (1998), pp. 97-106
[Wolf, 1994]
A.M. Wolf, G.A. Colditz.
The cost of obesity. The US perspective.
PharmacoEconomics, 5 (1994), pp. 34-37
[Wynne, 1997]
R.D. Wynne, T. Brown, R.M. Braybrooke, S. Jones, D.A. Stott, G.M. Thornton.
An evaluation of cardiovascular effects of sibutramine in normal volunteers.
Pharm Med, 2 (1997), pp. 65-70
[Zavaroni, 1989]
I. Zavaroni, E. Bonora, M. Pagliara, E. Dall’Aglio, L. Luchetti, G. Buonanno, et al.
Risk factors for coronary artery disease in healthy persons with hyperinsulinemia and normal glucose tolerance.
N Engl J Med, 320 (1989), pp. 702-706
Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis y Elsevier España, S.L.