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Resumen
Las vasculitis primarias constituyen un grupo de enfermedades reumáticas con expresión clínica variable y pronóstico reservado cuando no se tratan adecuadamente. En esta revisión haremos un análisis pormenorizado del tratamiento en las diferentes formas de vasculitis primaria, iniciando con el uso de los corticoides, desde casi su descubrimiento en 1949, pasando por otros inmunosupresores como: ciclofosfamida, metotrexate, azatioprina, mofetil, micofenolato, al igual que medicamentos biológicos como rituximab y anti-TNF. Una mención especial se hace sobre las guías de tratamientos para las vasculitis, tanto de grandes como de pequeños vasos, implementadas desde 2009 por el Grupo Europeo de Estudio de las Vasculitis.
Palabras clave:
vasculitis primarias
granulomatosis con poliangeitis
arteritis de Takayasu
poliarteritis nodosa
poliangeítis microscópica
arteritis de células gigantes
Summary
Primary vasculitis is one of the rheumatic diseases with variable clinical expression and poor prognosis when not treated properly. In this review we analyze detailed treatment of this disease in different forms of primary vasculitis, starting with the use of corticosteroids from almost its discovery in 1949, to other immunosuppressant's such as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, as well as biological drugs such as rituximab and anti-TNF. Special mention is made on the guidelines of treatment for vasculitis of both large and small vessel, implemented since 2009 by the European Group Study of Vasculitis.
Key words:
Primary vasculitis
Wegener granulomatosis
Takayasu arteritis
poliarteritis nodosa
microscopic poliangeitis
giant cell arteritis
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