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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition) Survivorship and prognostic factors of high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of...
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Vol. 53. Núm. 3.
Páginas 157-163 (mayo - junio 2009)
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Vol. 53. Núm. 3.
Páginas 157-163 (mayo - junio 2009)
Original papers
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Survivorship and prognostic factors of high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of arthritic genu varum
Supervivencia y factores pronósticos de la osteotomía de valguización tibial en el tratamiento del genu varo artrósico
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M.R. González-Panisello
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mgpani@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, J.A. Hernández-Hermoso
Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Bellvitge University Hospital, Clinical Science Department, University of Barcelona, Idibell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze the survivorship of high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of arthritis genu varum, as well as to correlate the degree of arthritis, the tibiofemoral angle and the tibial slope with the reappearance of pain.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively studied 80 knees (44 right and 36 left ones) in 73 patients (21 males and 52 females) with a mean age of 61 years (range: 42-82 years) who had been subjected to a Coventry-type high tibial osteotomy between January 1994 and December 1998. Mean follow-up was 88 months (range: 16-137).

Results

After 5-10 years no prosthesis was implanted in 89.35%/61.15% of patients respectively, but only 63.75%/45.74% were pain-free. Patients with a higher preoperative Ahlbäck score tended not to complain of postsurgical pain. No correlation was found between the tibiofemoral angle and the appearance of pain. After the osteotomy, the tibial slope was usually gentler and patients who postoperatively presented with tibial slope anteversion experienced pain earlier, these findings being statistically significant.

Conclusions

High tibial osteotomy is a useful surgical approach that can defer the need for a knee prosthesis in a high percentage of patients. Nonetheless, a meticulous technique is essential to avoid postoperative anteversion of the tibial slope, a complication that favors the early onset of pain.

Keywords:
Genu varum
Survival
Tibial osteotomy
Tibial slope
Osteoarthritis
Resumen
Objetivo

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la supervivencia de la osteotomía de valguización tibial (OVT) en el tratamiento del genu varo artrósico, así como correlacionar el grado de artrosis, el ángulo femorotibial y la pendiente tibial con la reaparición de dolor.

Material y método

Se estudiaron retrospectivamente 80 rodillas de 73 sujetos (44 rodillas derechas y 36 rodillas izquierdas, en 21 varones y 52 mujeres) con una edad media de 61 años (rango de 42 a 82), a las que se les había realizado una OVT supratuberositaria de sustracción tipo Coventry entre enero de 1994 y diciembre de 1998. El tiempo de seguimiento medio fue de 88 meses (rango de 16 a 137).

Resultados

Tras 5 y 10 años no se había implantado una prótesis en el 89,35 y el 61,15% de los sujetos, respectivamente, pero sólo el 63,75 y el 45,74% estaban libres de dolor. Los sujetos con grado de Ahlbäck preoperatorio más avanzado tenían tendencia a no presentar dolor postquirúrgico. No se encontró ninguna correlación entre el ángulo femorotibial y la aparición de dolor. Tras la osteotomía, la pendiente tibial disminuyó y los sujetos que en el postoperatorio presentaban anteversión de la pendiente tibial presentaron dolor más precozmente; siendo estos hallazgos estadísticamente significativos.

Conclusiones

La OVT es una técnica quirúrgica útil que retrasa la necesidad de una prótesis de rodilla en un porcentaje elevado de sujetos. No obstante, obliga a una técnica meticulosa para evitar la anteversión posquirúrgica de la pendiente tibial, defecto que favorece la aparición precoz de dolor.

Palabras clave:
Genu varo
Supervivencia
Osteotoía tibial
Pendiente tibial
Artrosis
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Copyright © 2009. Sociedad Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT). All rights reserved
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