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Inicio Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular Cognition in middle aged adults: A comparison between hypertensives and normoten...
Journal Information
Vol. 38. Issue 4.
Pages 164-169 (October - December 2021)
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Vol. 38. Issue 4.
Pages 164-169 (October - December 2021)
Original article
Cognition in middle aged adults: A comparison between hypertensives and normotensives
Cognición en adultos de mediana edad: una comparación entre hipertensos y normotensos
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K. Siddhartha, S. Kumarb, M. Kumara,
Corresponding author
krmanish77@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Sunitaa
a Department of Physiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 800014, India
b Department of Medicine, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
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Tables (4)
Table 1. General characteristics of the study population (n=388).
Table 2. Comparison of cognitive testing results between normotensive and hypertensive using independent sample t-test.
Table 3. Pearson's correlation of different domains of cognition to duration of hypertension.
Table 4. Multiple linear regression table showing impact of different factors on cognition.
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Abstract
Objective

The American Heart association in December 2016 published a position paper concluding that there was insufficient data to make evidence-based recommendations on the relationship between hypertension and cognition of a person. The aim of the study was to study the effect of increased blood pressure on cognitive function.

Methods

A cross sectional study of hypertensives (cases) and normotensive (controls) was done between January 2018 and December 2019. Subjects were recruited by convenience sampling. Subjects who were known cases of hypertension and had been on antihypertensive drug therapy for at least more than six months were considered as cases. Controls were those subjects who were having normal blood pressure and not suffering from any disease known to affect cognition. Out of 413 subjects, data from 388 subjects was used in the study (200 cases, 188 controls). The subjects were allowed to rest for 5min before measuring their blood pressure. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer in the right arm with the subject in seated position. Neuropsychological battery consisted of tests for domains of memory (auditory, visual, spatial), learning ability, attention, visuo-spatial construction, working memory.

Results

On the neuropsychological tests, patients with hypertension had lower scores in the different domains. Age, hypertension duration, and educational level were the best predictors of cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension.

Conclusion

Middle aged adults with hypertension have reduced cognitive functions as compared to normotensives.

Keywords:
Cognition
Cognitive function
High blood pressure
Hypertension
Resumen
Objetivo

En diciembre de 2016 la American Heart Association publicó un documento expositivo concluyendo que existían datos suficientes para emitir recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia sobre la relación entre la hipertensión y la cognición de una persona. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el efecto del incremento de la presión arterial en la función cognitiva.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio transversal de sujetos hipertensos (casos) y normotensos (controles) entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2019. Dichos sujetos fueron reclutados de una muestra de conveniencia. Se consideró como casos a aquellos sujetos que fueran casos conocidos de hipertensión y siguieran una terapia antihipertensiva durante al menos 6 meses. Los controles fueron aquellos sujetos con presión arterial normal y que no padecieran ninguna enfermedad conocida que afectara a la cognición. De los 413 sujetos se utilizaron en el estudio los datos procedentes de 388 (200 casos y 188 controles). Se permitió a los sujetos que descansaran durante 5minutos antes de medir su presión arterial, utilizando un esfigmomanómetro de mercurio en el brazo derecho, estando el sujeto en posición sentada. La batería neuropsicológica consistió en pruebas de los dominios de memoria (auditiva, visual, espacial), capacidad de aprendizaje, atención, construcción visoespacial y memoria funcional.

Resultados

En las pruebas neuropsicológicas los pacientes hipertensos tuvieron menores puntuaciones en los diferentes dominios. Edad, duración de la hipertensión y nivel educativo fueron los mejores factores predictivos del deterioro cognitivo en los pacientes hipertensos.

Conclusión

Los adultos hipertensos de mediana edad muestran una reducción de sus funciones cognitivas en comparación con los sujetos normotensos.

Palabras clave:
Cognición
Función cognitiva
Presión arterial elevada
Hipertensión

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