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Inicio Medicina Clínica Toxicidad asociada a efavirenz en personas infectadas por el VIH incluidas en el...
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Vol. 115. Issue 9.
Pages 337-338 (January 2000)
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Vol. 115. Issue 9.
Pages 337-338 (January 2000)
Toxicidad asociada a efavirenz en personas infectadas por el VIH incluidas en el programa de acceso expandido
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1759
Carmen Dona, Vicenç Soriano
Corresponding author
vsoriano@dragonet.es

Correspondencia: Rafael Calvo, 7, 2.° A. 20810 Madrid.
, Pablo Barreiro, Juan González-Lahoz
Servicios de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Carlos III. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid.
Inmaculada Jiménez-Náchera
a Farmacia. Hospital Carlos III. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid.
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Fundamento

El efavirenz es uno de los antiretrovirales de más reciente comercialización. Su perfil de toxicidad no se conoce bien.

Pacientes y método

Se examinó la frecuencia de efectos adversos en 250 pacientes incluidos en el programa de acceso expandido de efavirenz en una institución de Madrid.

Resultados

Se recogieron efectos adversos de grado ≥ 2 en la escala de la Organización Mundial de Salud en 33 (13,2%) pacientes. Los más frecuentes fueron los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos (8,4%), cutáneos (3,2%) y gastrointestinales (0,8%). En 17 pacientes (6,8%) tuvo que ser suspendido el efavirenz.

Conclusiones

La frecuencia de efectos adversos por efavirenz de grado moderadograve es relativamente baja (13,4%), sin evidencia de toxicidad cruzada (p. ej., exantema por nevirapina). Las complicaciones más frecuentes son neuropsiquiátricas y/o cutáneas, y se resuelven espontáneamente en dos semanas.

Palabras clave:
VIH Infección por VIH
Antiretrovirales
Efavirenz
Toxicidad medicamentosa
Background

Efavirenz (EFV) is one of the latest antiretroviral compounds appeared in the market. Its toxicity profile is not well known.

Patients and methods

The rate of adverse events was examined in 250 subjects enrolled in the expanded access program in a single institution located in Madrid, Spain.

Results

Adverse events grade ≥ 2 (WHO) were recorded in 33 (13.2%) persons. The most common were neuropsychiatric disorders (8.4%), cutaneous lesions (3.2%), and gastrointestinal problems (0.8%). The drug needed to be discontinued in 17 (6.8%) patients.

Conclusions

The rate of adverse events grade moderate-to-severe in patients receiving EFV is relatively low (13.4%), without evidence of cross-toxicity (i.e., rash by nevirapine). Neuropshychiatric and dermatological conditions are the most common, and ten to resolve spontaneously in two weeks.

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