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Vol. 44. Issue 5.
Pages 194-201 (January 2002)
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Vol. 44. Issue 5.
Pages 194-201 (January 2002)
Tratamiento percutáneo de las complicaciones vasculares agudas en el síndrome de la abertura torácica superior*
Percutaneous treatment of acute vascular complications in thoracic outlet syndrome
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Carmen Segovia
Corresponding author
asragal@unicaonline.com

CARMEN SEGOVIA GARCÍA. Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Barrio Labea-ga, s/n. 48960 Galdakao (Bizkaia).
, José Luis Miguelez, Arsenio Martínez, Antonio Marco
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Hospital de Galdakao. Galdakao. Bizkaia.
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Objetivo

Presentar los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento per-cutáneo de las complicaciones vasculares agudas del síndrome de la abertura torácica superior (SATS).

Materiales y métodos

Dieciséis pacientes presentaron complica-ciones vasculares agudas (12 casos de carácter venoso y cuatro de ori-gen arterial) del SATS. En todos ellos se efectuaron radiografías simples de cuello y tórax para descartar anomalías óseas cérvico-torácicas, así como el estudio angiográfico correspondiente. En función de la clí-nica y de los hallazgos radiológicos, el tratamiento consistió en fibri-nólisis, angioplastia transluminal (ATP) o cirugía.

Resultados

Ninguno de los pacientes con complicaciones venosas presentaba anomalías cérvico-torácicas. De ellos, 10 fueron tratados con fibrinolíticos, obteniéndose repermeabilización venosa en todos los casos, con trombosis mural residual inferior al 50% de la luz en tres pacientes. La ATP se efectuó en cinco pacientes, con resolución completa de la estenosis en dos casos y parcial en los otros tres, produ-ciéndose como complicación hematoma mural en un paciente.

De los cuatro pacientes con complicaciones arteriales, tres presenta-ban costilla cervical. A uno de ellos se le administró urocinasa con buena respuesta clínico-radiológica. Todos los pacientes fueron inter-venidos con resolución completa de su sintomatología.

Conclusión

El tratamiento fibrinolítico presenta una gran efectivi-dad en el manejo inicial de las complicaciones vasculares del SATS.

Palabras clave:
Fibrinó
lisis
Angioplastia
Costilla cervical
Trombosis
vena áxilo-subclavia
Arterias
estenosis u obstrucción
Objective

To present the results obtained with the percutaneous treatment of acute vascular complications of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS).

Material and method

Sixteen patients had acute vascular complications (12 venous and 4 arterial) of TOS. In all of them, plain films of the neck and chest were made to exclude cervico-thoracic bone anomalies, in addition to an angiographic study. Depending on the clinical and radiological findings, fibrinolysis, transluminal angioplasty (TAP), or surgery was performed.

Results

None of the patients with venous complications had cervi-co-thoracic anomalies. Of them, 10 were treated with fibrinolytics and all achieved venous repermeabilization, with residual mural thrombosis of less than 50% of the lumen of 3 patients. TAP was performed on 5 patients, producing complete resolution of the stenosis in 2 cases and partial resolution in 3. The only complication was a wall hematoma in one patient.

Of the 4 patients with arterial complications, three had a cervical rib. One was given urokinase and had a good clinical and radiological response. All of the patients underwent surgery, which produced complete resolution of their symptoms.

Conclusions

Fibrinolytic treatment was very effective in the initial management of the vascular complications of TOS

Key words:
Fibrinolysis
angioplasty
cervical rib
thrombosis
axillo-subclavian vein
arteries
stenosis
obstruction

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