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Inicio Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) Postoperative agitation or delirium in paediatric patients. What we know and how...
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Vol. 70. Issue 8.
Pages 467-472 (October 2023)
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Vol. 70. Issue 8.
Pages 467-472 (October 2023)
Review
Postoperative agitation or delirium in paediatric patients. What we know and how to avoid it
Agitación o delirio postoperatorio en pediatría. ¿Qué sabemos y cómo evitarlo?
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M. López Seguraa,
Corresponding author
mirianlopezsegura@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, N. Busto-Aguirreurretab
a Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
b Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Table 1. Paediatric Anaesthesia Emergency Delirium (PAED) scale.12
Abstract

Emergence delirium or postoperative agitation is the name given to the state of altered consciousness that occurs after surgery and especially affects pediatric patients. Its incidence is not negligible, reaching 80% of cases in certain studies.

It is frequently confused with other clinical entities, for which reason a scale has been validated to facilitate its diagnosis. Risk factors include age under 5 years, the presence of pain after surgery and especially intense preoperative anxiety.

Pediatric emergence delirium presents as an adverse event after surgery and influences patient safety by significantly increasing patient comorbidity. It is essential to recognize the entity, as well as its risk factors, in order to apply effective preventive measures to reduce its incidence and intensity when it occurs.

Keywords:
Delirium
Agitation
Paediatrics
Postoperative
Resumen

Se denomina agitación o delirio postoperatorio al estado de alteración de la conciencia que se presenta tras la cirugía y que afecta especialmente al paciente pediátrico. Presenta una incidencia nada despreciable, alcanzando el 80 % de los casos en determinados estudios.

Frecuentemente es confundido con otras entidades clínicas, por lo que se ha validado una escala que facilita su diagnóstico. Entre sus factores de riesgo destaca la edad inferior a 5 años, la presencia de dolor tras la cirugía y especialmente, la ansiedad intensa preoperatoria.

El delirio postoperatorio se presenta como un evento adverso tras una intervención quirúrgica y tiene influencia en la seguridad del paciente aumentando considerablemente su comorbilidad. Es fundamental reconocer la entidad, así como sus factores de riesgo, para aplicar medidas de prevención eficaces que disminuyan su incidencia e intensidad cuando ésta se presenta.

Palabras clave:
Delirio
Agitación
Pediatría
Postoperatorio

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