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Inicio Medicina Clínica Prevalencia y significado clínico de los anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos en la ...
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Vol. 114. Issue 10.
Pages 367-370 (January 2000)
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Vol. 114. Issue 10.
Pages 367-370 (January 2000)
Prevalencia y significado clínico de los anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos en la hepatitis crónica por virus C
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Manuel Romero Gómez
Corresponding author
mromerog@meditex.es

Correspondencia: Dr. M. Romero Gómez. Juan Antonio Cavestany, 1, 4.° G. 41003 Sevilla.
, Enrique García-Díaz, Ana Guil, M. Ángeles Otero, Emilio Suárez García, Manuel Castro Fernández
Servicios de Digestivo y Hospital Universitario de Valme. Sevilla
Daniel López Lacombaa, Reyes Gutiérreza, Inmaculada Marchantea
a Servicios de Digestivo y Hematología. Hospital Universitario de Valme. Sevilla
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Fundamento

Estudiar la prevalencia de anticuerpos antifosfolipidicos y analizar su relacion con laprogresion de la hepatitis cronica por virus C.

Metodos

Se incluyen 128 pacientes con hepatopatia cronica por VHC (edad 46 [14] anos, 70 varones),no tratados con interferon y un grupo control sano de 93 personas. Analizamos los factores deriesgo, la duracion de la enfermedad, el consumo de alcohol, la cifra de plaquetas, ALT, ARN delVHC en suero e higado y anticuerpos antinucleares, el grado de inflamacion y el estadio de fibrosisen la biopsia hepatica, el estadio de Child-Pugh, la existencia de hipertension portal y descompensacionesprevias. Estudiamos la presencia de anticoagulante lupico y anticuerpos anticardiolipina(ACA) IgG e IgM. En los pacientes con anticuerpos anticardiolipina positivos se detecto la presenciade anti-β2 glucoproteina I mediante ELISA.

Resultados

Presentaron anticuerpos antifosfolipidicos positivos 31/128 (25%; intervalo de confianza[IC] del 95%: 17,8–33,4). La prevalencia de anticuerpos anticardiolipina IgG fue significativamentemayor en pacientes (22%) que en controles 3/93 (3,2%), p < 0,05; en cambio, no encontramosdiferencias en la prevalencia de anticuerpos anticardiolipina IgM ni de anticoagulante lupico.No encontramos diferencias en las cifras de ALT, viremia, carga viral en higado, plaquetas o ANA enlos pacientes con anticuerpos anticardiolipina IgG o sin ellos, tampoco apreciamos relacion con laedad, la duracion de la infeccion, el consumo de alcohol ni los factores de riesgo. En 4 de 44 pacientes(9%, IC del 95%: 2,5–21,7) con fibrosis F1, en 7 de 39 (18%; IC del 95%: 7,5–33,5) conF2 y en 17 de 45 (38%; IC del 95%: 23,8–53,5) con cirrosis encontramos anticuerpos anticardiolipinaIgG positivo (p < 0,005). La presencia de ACA IgG se relaciono de forma significativa con laexistencia de hipertension portal, de disfuncion hepatica y antecedentes de descompensacion. En10 de 23 pacientes (43,5%; IC del 95%: 23,2–65,5) con ACA positivo se detectaron anticuerposanti-β2 glucoproteina I.

Conclusiones

La cuarta parte de los pacientes con hepatitis cronica por VHC presentan anticuerposantifosfolipidicos. Estos anticuerpos podrian estar implicados en la progresion de la enfermedad.

Background

To know the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in chronic hepatitis C and theirrelationship with disease progression.

Methods

One hundred and twenty-eight patients with chronic hepatitis C and 93 healthy controlswere enrolled up. We determined platelets, ALT, γGT, RNAHCV in serum and liver and non-organspecific antibodies, grade and stage in liver biopsy, risk factors, duration of disease and alcohol intakewere also included. Portal hypertension and liver function parameters were studied. Antiphospholipidantibodies (APA): lupus anticoagulant (LA) and anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) (IgGand IgM) were measured by EIA. Anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies were also detected by EIA inACA positive patients.

Results

Thirty one out of 128 (25%; 95%CI: 17.8%–33.4%) showed positive antiphospholipid antibodies.Positive ACA-IgG was higher in patients than controls (22% vs 3.2%; p < 0.05), whereas,ACA-IgM was similar (5% vs 3.2%; p = NS), and LA was absent in both groups. ALT levels, viraemia,viral load in liver, platelets, or ANA titre were similar in patients with and without positiveACA-IgG. Risk factors, duration of disease or alcohol intake were not related yet. Patients with stagingF1 showed positive ACA-IgG 4 of 44 (9%; 95%CI: 2.5%–21.7%), in staging F2 7 of 39 (18%;95%CI: 7.5%–33.5%) and in staging F4 17 of 45 (38%; 95%CI: 23.8%–53.5%; p < 0.005).ACA-IgG was significantly related to portal hypertension, Child-Pugh stage and presence of cirrhosiscomplications. Anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies were detected in ten (43.5%; CI95%: 23.2%–65.5%) out of 23 ACA positive patients.

Conclusions

ACA-IgG seems to be associated with chronic hepatitis C, and could play a potentialrole in fibrosis progression and liver disease in these patients.

Palabras clave:
Cirrosis hepática
Anticuerpos anticardiolipina IgG
Anticuerpos anticardiolipina IgM
Anticoagulante lúpico
Síndrome antifosfolípido
Infección crónica por virus C

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