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Available online 16 December 2024
Effects of an integrative school-based intervention on child protection against violence: A quasi-experimental study
Efectos de una intervención integral en escuelas de primaria para proteger a la infancia frente a la violencia: Un estudio cuasi-experimental
Ana M. Greco, Patricia Hernández-Hidalgo, Marc Balcells, Antonia Linde-García, Irene Montiel
Corresponding author
imontielj@uoc.edu

Corresponding author.
Grup de Recerca en Victimologia Empírica i Aplicada (VICRIM), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
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Tables (4)
Chart 1. Content of the programme #EscolaSenseViolencies
Table 1. Sample characteristics
Table 2. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA for quantitative variables
Table 3. Descriptive statistics and MLGM for qualitative variables
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Abstract

Considering that one in two children is estimated to have experienced violence in the last year according to the World Health Organization, the school has an undeniable and unique protective and preventive role. #EscuelaSinViolencias is the first programme to comprehensively target violence against children in the context of primary school in Spain through the solid theoretical approach of Developmental Victimology. The objective of this study was to assess its impact on the children’s psychological, family and school well-being and their knowledge of Children’s Rights and violence in 971 girls and boys from third to sixth grade. It also tests school staff’s knowledge, preparedness to detect and respond to possible cases of violence and perception of the family and school environment as protective in 110 participants. A pre-post design with a control group was used. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were conducted. A significant increase in school well-being among students in experimental schools compared to control schools was found, as well as increased knowledge of Children’s Rights and access to report. School staff from experimental schools reported significant increases in knowledge of violence against children and in preparedness to deal with potential cases. At the same time, their perception of the family and school environments as protective decreased slightly but significantly. This programme is the first to address violence in a comprehensive manner with an empirical study that validates its positive impact for the integral protection of children.

Keywords:
Children
Violence
Developmental Victimology
School-based intervention
Impact Assessment
Well-being
Resumen

Considerando que se estima que uno de cada dos niños y niñas y ha experimentado violencia en el último año según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la escuela tiene un innegable y único papel protector y preventivo. #EscuelaSinViolencias es el primer programa que aborda de manera comprensiva la violencia contra la infancia en el contexto de la Educación Primaria en España, con un sólido enfoque teórico, la Victimología del Desarrollo. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar su impacto sobre el bienestar psicológico, familiar y escolar y los conocimientos sobre derechos de la infancia y violencia de 971 estudiantes de 3º a 6º curso de primaria. También se ha testeado el efecto en los conocimientos, preparación para detectar y responder ante posibles casos de violencia, y la percepción de los contextos familiar y escolar como protectores en 110 trabajadores escolares. Se ha utilizado un diseño pre-post con grupo control y se han realizado análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas (ANOVA) y modelos lineales generalizados mixtos (GLMM). Se ha encontrado un aumento significativo del bienestar escolar de los estudiantes de centros experimentales en comparación con los centros control, así como un aumento en conocimientos sobre derechos de la infancia y vías de notificación. El personal escolar de los centros experimentales ha reportado un aumento significativo de conocimientos sobre violencia contra la infancia y en la preparación para gestionar posibles casos. Al mismo tiempo, su percepción de los entornos familiar y escolar como protectores ha disminuido ligera y significativamente. Este programa es el primero en abordar la violencia de manera integradora con un estudio empírico que valida su impacto positivo para la protección integral de la infancia.

Palabras clave:
Niños/as
Violencia
Victimología del Desarrollo
Intervención escolar
Evaluación de impacto
Bienestar

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