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Vol. 25. Issue 1.
Pages 68-75 (January - June 2020)
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Vol. 25. Issue 1.
Pages 68-75 (January - June 2020)
Original
Prediction model of healthy lifestyles in physical education students based on self-determination theory
Modelo de predicción de los estilos de vida saludables a través de la teoría de la autodeterminación de estudiantes de educación física
Marta Leytona, Marco Batistab, Ruth Jiménez-Castuerac,
Corresponding author
ruthji@unex.es

Corresponding authors.
a Sports Studies Center. Rey Juan Carlos University, Paseo Artilleros s/n, Madrid, 28032, Spain
b Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU) - Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal. Av. Pedro Alvares Cabral 12, 6000-084 Castelo Branco, Portugal
c Didactic and Behavioural Analysis in Sport Research Group. Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad s/n., Cáceres, 10003, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Asymmetry and kurtosis of the study variables
Table 2. Descriptive statistics and reliability analysis
Table 3. Indirect effects of the model of structural equations
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Abstract

The main objective of this study was to analyze the predicted effect that motivational processes have with regards adopting healthy lifestyle habits among adolescents during physical education classes. The sample consisted of 214 Secondary Education students in Portugal, aged between 15 & 19 years old (M = 16.46, SD = .96), of both genders (104 boys and 110 girls). The following questionnaires were administered: The Perceived Locus of Causality Scale for Physical Education, the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale, The Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire & the Scale of Measurement of Intention to be Physically Active. An analysis of structural equations was used which revealed that satisfaction with basic psychological needs can predict an intrinsic motivation which, in turn, predicted the variables related to healthy lifestyles, both positively & significantly. This study highlights the importance of developing self-determined motivation via satisfying basic psychological needs in physical education classes to promote a healthy lifestyle in students.

Keywords:
Motivation
Basic psychological needs
Eating habits
Physical education
Instrumental study
Resumen

El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar la predicción que los procesos motivacionales tienen en la adopción de hábitos de estilos de vida que realzan la salud en adolescentes, en las clases de Educación Física. La muestra se compone por 214 estudiantes de Enseñanza Secundaria en Portugal, entre los 15 y 19 años (M = 16.46, DT = .96), de ambos sexos (104 chicos y 110 chicas). Se administran los siguientes cuestionarios: Escala del Locus Percibido De Causalidad en Educación Física, Escala de medición de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, el Cuestionario de Estilos de Vida Saludables y la Escala de Medida de la Intencionalidad para ser Físicamente Activo. Se utiliza un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales, y se muestra que la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas predice la motivación intrínseca, y ésta a su vez, predice las variables relacionadas con los estilos de vida que realzan la salud, ambas predicciones de forma positiva y significativa. Se destaca la relevancia de desarrollar la motivación más autodeterminada a través de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas en las clases de Educación Física para fomentar estilos de vida saludables en el alumnado.

Palabras claves:
Motivación
Necesidades psicológicas básicas
Hábitos alimenticios
Educación física
Estudio instrumental

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