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array:23 [ "pii" => "S0034935608705929" "issn" => "00349356" "doi" => "10.1016/S0034-9356(08)70592-9" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2008-06-01" "aid" => "70592" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor" "copyrightAnyo" => "2008" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2008;55:360-6" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3379 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 5 "HTML" => 2676 "PDF" => 698 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0034935608705930" "issn" => "00349356" "doi" => "10.1016/S0034-9356(08)70593-0" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2008-06-01" "aid" => "70593" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2008;55:367-70" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 868 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 4 "HTML" => 606 "PDF" => 258 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Anestesia total intravenosa para recolocación de un desfibrilador automático implantable en paciente con síndrome de QT-largo" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "367" "paginaFinal" => "370" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Total intravenous anesthesia for repositioning an implantable defibrillator in a patient with long QT syndrome" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "F. Femenía, J.I. Ruiz-Gimeno, M.A. Ferre, L. Cabezudo, C. Vivó, M. Barberá" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Femenía" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.I." "apellidos" => "Ruiz-Gimeno" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.A." "apellidos" => "Ferre" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Cabezudo" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Vivó" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Barberá" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0034935608705930?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/00349356/0000005500000006/v1_201305151349/S0034935608705930/v1_201305151349/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0034935608705917" "issn" => "00349356" "doi" => "10.1016/S0034-9356(08)70591-7" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2008-06-01" "aid" => "70591" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2008;55:355-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 855 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 5 "HTML" => 504 "PDF" => 346 ] ] "es" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Utilidad del factor VII recombinante para el control de la hemorragia masiva. Experiencia de cuatro años en un centro hospitalario universitario" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "355" "paginaFinal" => "359" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Usefulness of activated recombinant factor VII for controlling massive bleeding: 4 years’ experience in a university hospital" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figura 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 946 "Ancho" => 1011 "Tamanyo" => 79240 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Requerimientos transfusionales pre y post-administración de rFVIIa.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "S. Beltrán de Heredia, E. Bisbe, A. Rojo, M.P. Gracia, M. López, F. Escolano" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Beltrán de Heredia" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Bisbe" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Rojo" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.P." "apellidos" => "Gracia" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "López" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Escolano" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0034935608705917?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/00349356/0000005500000006/v1_201305151349/S0034935608705917/v1_201305151349/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:16 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Anestesia combinada general-epidural <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">versus</span> anestesia general, morbimortalidad y eficacia analgésica en cirugía toracoabdominal. Revisión sistemática-metaanálisis" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "360" "paginaFinal" => "366" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "J.M. Seller Losada, C. Sifre Julio, V. Ruiz García" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Seller Losada" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "seller_jma@gva.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Sifre Julio" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Ruiz García" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación. Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset. Valencia." "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio. Hospital La Fe. Valencia. CASPE" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Servicio de Anestesiología Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset Avda Gaspar Aguilar, 90. 46017 Valencia Aceptado para su publicación en mayo de 2007." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Combined general-epidural anesthesia compared to general anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of morbidity and mortality and analgesic efficacy in thoracoabdominal surgery" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 722 "Ancho" => 1011 "Tamanyo" => 57387 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Metaanálisis de estudios que reportaban analgesia en reposo en el primer día del postoperatorio. Significativamente mejor en el grupo de anestesia combinada. Diferencia ponderada de medias –6,91 (–9,46 a –4,36).</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducción</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La anestesia combinada (bloqueo epidural torácico o lumbar alto, suplementado con anestesia general), es<a name="p361"></a> una técnica utilizada frecuentemente en la cirugía abdominal mayor, torácica y cardiaca. Las posibles ventajas de esta técnica (disminución en la incidencia de neumonía postoperatoria, insuficiencia respiratoria y mejor control del dolor), fueron sugeridas hace diez años<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Existe evidencia de que la analgesia postoperatoria mediante la administración de anestésicos locales, o bien anestésicos locales y mórficos por vía epidural, es más eficaz que los opiáceos parenterales en pacientes sometidos a diferentes procedimientos quirúrgicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>, y tiene menos complicaciones pulmonares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Una revisión sistemática Cochrane<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> comparó la analgesia controlada por el paciente (PCA) con opiáceos intravenosos y la analgesia epidural continua (CEA) para el tratamiento del dolor postoperatorio tras cirugía abdominal, en términos de eficacia analgésica, efectos secundarios, satisfacción del paciente y resultados quirúrgicos. Las conclusiones de los autores fueron que la CEA era superior a la PCA con opiáceos en el alivio del dolor postoperatorio durante 72 horas, en pacientes sometidos a cirugía abdominal.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aunque existen muchas publicaciones que estudian morbi-mortalidad en anestesia combinada, sólo existe hasta el momento una revisión sistemática, realizada en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de bypass coronario<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>. Existe un metaanálisis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> que evidencia que el bloqueo neuroaxial reduce la mortalidad total, la enfermedad tromboembólica, los requerimientos transfusionales, la neumonía, la depresión respiratoria, el infarto de miocardio y la insuficiencia renal, sin poder concluir si estos resultados son debidos solamente a los beneficios del bloqueo neuroaxial, o bien a la no utilización de la anestesia general. Después de esta revisión se publicaron dos ensayos clínicos <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> que no evidenciaron ningún efecto sobre la mortalidad. Existe una buena discusión al respecto en Oxford Website<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Una de las posibles ventajas de esta técnica, en ciertos tipos de cirugía, sería la disminución de complicaciones respiratorias, así como el acortamiento del tiempo de ventilación mecánica, pero hasta ahora los resultados son contradictorios. Aunque algunos autores encuentran que reduce el número de eventos respi-ratorios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>, otros no pueden confirmar este resultado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11–23</span></a> aunque podría reducir el tiempo de ventilación mecá-nica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16–19,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nos planteamos realizar una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) que comparen la anestesia combinada seguida de analgesia postoperatoria epidural, con la anestesia general seguida por analgesia postoperatoria parenteral, pero no epidural. Los objetivos de la revisión sistemática son determinar los efectos de esta técnica sobre mortalidad, estancia hospitalaria, morbilidad postoperatoria y analgesia postoperatoria.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y métodos</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Estudios seleccionados</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Buscamos ECA que comparasen pacientes sometidos a anestesia combinada, es decir, anestesia epidural torácica o lumbar suplementada con anestesia general, seguida de analgesia postoperatoria por vía epidural, con pacientes sometidos a anestesia general seguida de analgesia postoperatoria por vía intravenosa, intramuscular o subcutánea, pero no epidural. Se incluyeron las intervenciones de cirugía mayor abdominal (colon, gástrica, pancreática, esofágica, hepatobiliar, urológica, ginecológica), cirugía de aorta abdominal, cirugía cardiaca y cirugía torácica.</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los criterios de exclusión fueron: 1) estudios que no incluyeran la utilización intraoperatoria del catéter epi-dural aunque sí lo hicieran para analgesia postoperatoria; 2) intervenciones por vía laparoscópica, 3) estudios en pacientes menores de 18 años.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Fuentes de datos</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se consultaron MEDLINE, EMBASE y el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Central Register of Clinical Trials of the Cochrane Collaboration,</span> así como en el metaregistro de ensayos clínicos para obtener información adicional (<a href="http://www.controlledtrials.com/mrct/mrct_info_es.asp">http://www.controlledtrials.com/mrct/mrct_info_es.asp</a>). La búsqueda incluyó artículos desde 1966 hasta septiembre de 2006.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Perfil de búsqueda</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se combinaron los diferentes descriptores MESH: “Anesthesia, Inhalation”, “Anesthesia, Intravenous”, “Anesthesia, General”, “Anesthesia, Epidural”, “Pain, Postoperative”, “Analgesia, Epidural”, así como los de los distintos tipos de cirugía que fueron objeto del estudio. Además se realizó una búsqueda de los descriptores anteriores como texto libre. Se buscó de forma adicional en la bibliografía de los artículos recuperados. No se realizó limitación temporal ni de idioma. Se contactó con los autores para obtener información adicional sobre analgesia. La definición de las variables de morbilidad se expresa en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Tabla 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Extracción de datos</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los ensayos clínicos seleccionados se sometieron a una evaluación metodológica siguiendo los criterios de Jadad<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a>, que incluyen la descripción como ensayo clínico, si es aleatorizado y si es doble ciego. Si cumple estos requisitos, se suma un punto por cada uno de ellos. Si está oculta la secuencia de aleatorización<a name="p362"></a> y están adecuadamente enmascarados pacientes e investigadores, se añade un punto adicional; si no es así, se resta un punto. Se consideran de baja calidad los ensayos con una puntuación inferior a 3.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los ensayos fueron revisados por dos personas de forma independiente y un tercer revisor resolvió las discrepancias.</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Análisis estadístico</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para mortalidad y morbilidad se usaron Odds Ratio (OR) con un modelo de efectos aleatorios. Para las variables de estancia, duración de ventilación mecánica y analgesia se usaron diferencias ponderadas de medias, a partir de las medias, desviación estándar y tamaño muestral de cada grupo cuando estos datos existían. La elección de un modelo de efectos rando-mizados se basó en la heterogenicidad clínica de los pacientes debido a los diferentes tipos de cirugía analizados. Se realizaron “funnel plots” para descartar sesgo de publicación y se evaluaron los test de Egger y Beggs. Los cálculos se realizaron utilizando el programa StatsDirect.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se planteó a priori la realización de un análisis de sensibilidad en las variables que resultaran significativas, excluyendo los estudios de más peso en el resultado final. Otros parámetros para el análisis de sensibilidad que se definieron fueron: la calidad metodológica (escala de Jadad mayor o menor de 3), la ocultación de la secuencia de aleatorización y su tamaño muestral (mayor o menor de 100 pacientes).</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La búsqueda inicial identificó 224 estudios poten-cialmente relevantes. Tras revisar los títulos y resúmenes, 43 trabajos fueron considerados para la evaluación, la cual fue realizada por dos de los autores de manera independiente. De estos 43 estudios, 30 fueron incluidos en el metaanálisis y 13 fueron excluidos. Las razones para la exclusión de estos trabajos son presentadas en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Tabla 2</a>. Los 30 trabajos incluidos finalmente en el metaanálisis aportan un total de 4.294 pacientes (2.192 en el grupo experimental y 2.102 en el grupo control) que fueron analizados para las diferentes variables a estudio (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Tabla 3</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La calidad metodológica de los estudios fue baja en general: la secuencia de aleatorización estaba adecuadamente oculta en solamente 8 de los 30 estudios y el enmascaramiento (doble ciego) estaba presente en muy pocos estudios (3 de 30). Ocho artículos fueron puntuados con un 3 según la escala de Jadad<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21–23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47</span></a> y sólo uno puntuó por encima<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>. Todos los demás obtuvieron menos de 3 puntos.</p><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Mortalidad</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para la mortalidad<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14–16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18–22,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a> se usó un meta-análisis de efectos aleatorios, lo mismo que para el resto de las variables. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la mortalidad precoz<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14–16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18–22,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a> que mostró un OR de 1,00 (IC 0,68 a 1,48) ni en la mortalidad tardía<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> con un OR de 0,63 (IC 0,11 a 1,15).<a name="p363"></a></p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Estancia en el hospital y en la Unidad de Cuidados Críticos</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sólo dos estudios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> que incluyeron 115 pacientes recogieron información sobre la estancia en la Unidad de Críticos, sin que apareciesen diferencias significativas. La diferencia ponderada de medias para esta variable fue de –1,07 (IC –4,13 a 1,98). La estancia hospitalaria fue analizada en 8 estudios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11–13,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51</span></a> con una población total de 632 pacientes; la diferencia ponderada de medias fue –0,18 (IC –0,46 a 0,09).</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Insuficiencia respiratoria y tiempo de ventilación mecánica</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El número de pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria fue significativamente menor en el grupo de anestesia combinada (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figura 1</a>). Este resultado se midió en 15 ensayos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11–23</span></a> con un total de 3.382 pacientes, 1.703 en el grupo experimental y 1.679 en el grupo control. El OR fue de 0,71 con un IC de 0,58 a 0,87.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Al realizar el análisis de sensibilidad para esta variable, el resultado no se vio afectado por el estudio que contribuía con más peso, por el número de even-tos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>; el resto de análisis de sensibilidad (tamaño mues-tral, calidad metodológica con escala de Jadad, ocultación de la secuencia de aleatorización), no mostró cambios.</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La diferencia ponderada de medias para el tiempo de ventilación mecánica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> no fue significativa: –6,84 (IC –17,02 a 3,33) horas.</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Variables de morbilidad restantes</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No encontramos diferencias significativas en el resto de variables de morbilidad estudiadas: infarto de miocardio, isquemia miocárdica, insuficiencia renal, trombosis venosa profunda y dehiscencia de sutura intestinal (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Tabla 4</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Analgesia</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados para la analgesia son presentados en forma de diferencia de medias de los valores de la escala analógica visual (VAS). Encontramos diferencias significativas en la analgesia del primer día postoperatorio, aunque únicamente para los valores medidos en reposo. Este parámetro fue obtenido a partir de 7 ensayos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a>, con un total de 2.531 pacientes, 1.184 en el grupo experimental y 1.167 en el grupo control; el valor obtenido fue de –6,91 (IC de –9,46 a –4,36) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figura 2</a>). Cuatro artículos analizaban la analgesia con la tos en el primer día postoperatorio<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> reuniendo un total de 1.124 pacientes, 566 en el grupo<a name="p364"></a> experimental y 558 en el grupo control con un resultado de –11,44 (IC –25,03 a 2,15). Un estudio adicional aportó resultados en forma de medianas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>. Otros estudios presentaron sus resultados gráficamente sin especificar valores pero reportándolos como significati-vos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">48,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En cinco de los siete estudios en los que se pudo analizar la analgesia en el primer día de postoperatorio, se usaron una mezcla de anestésico local y opioi-de<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> por vía epidural; en dos estudios se usó sólo morfina epidural<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a>. Los grupos controles recibieron morfina intravenosa en forma de PCA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a>, en perfusión continua<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> y en bolus<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>; morfina subcutánea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> y paracetamol<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a>.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados para la analgesia en el segundo y tercer día no mostraron diferencias significativas ni en reposo ni con la tos (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Tabla 4</a>).</p></span></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discusión</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados principales de nuestra revisión sistemática son que con la anestesia combinada seguida de<a name="p365"></a> analgesia postoperatoria por vía epidural, se producen menos casos de insuficiencia respiratoria así como una mejor analgesia, al menos en el primer día de postoperatorio.</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El resultado para la variable insuficiencia respiratoria es importante porque sigue siendo significativo tras excluir el estudio de más peso del metaanálisis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> al realizar el análisis de sensibilidad; ese estudio reúne un total de 915 pacientes, 461 en el grupo experimental y 454 en el grupo control y tras su exclusión el OR fue de 0,70 con un IC de 0,53 a 0,92 manteniéndose por tanto la significación estadística.</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados para la analgesia se ajustan a lo esperado y parecen claros en el primer día de la cirugía, no apareciendo efecto significativo en el segundo y tercer día aunque la diferencia de medias sea menor de 0. En este caso puede haber influido un insuficiente tamaño muestral para el análisis. En general, nos hemos encontrado con algunas dificultades para analizar la analgesia, sobre todo por la utilización de estimadores diferentes (medias, medianas, diferencia de medias, ausencia de intervalos de confianza o presencia aislada de los mismos) y también por falta de información ya que algunos resultados estaban expresados en forma de gráficos sin valor numérico.</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La mayoría de los estudios no estaban diseñados para obtener diferencias en mortalidad y posiblemente el tamaño muestral era demasiado escaso para mostrarlas. Los resultados para las demás variables de morbilidad son acordes con otros estudios publicados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>.</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Desde el principio decidimos utilizar un metaanáli-sis de efectos aleatorios por la heterogeneidad clínica de la muestra debida a los diferentes tipos de cirugía analizados. Por otra parte, es cierto que la calidad de los estudios medida según la escala de Jadad es baja en términos generales pero consideramos que es muy difícil en este tipo de estudios mantener un enmascaramiento adecuado. No podemos decir lo mismo acerca de la ocultación de la secuencia de aleatorización (OSA) y de hecho, nuestra revisión puede presentar algunas limitaciones: La primera sería que los resultados generales podrían estar sobreestimados entre un 20 y un 30%, según autores que han analizado la influencia de la falta de ocultación de la secuencia de aleato-rización<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>. Por tanto, nuestros resultados, podrían estar sobrevalorados ya que en la mayor parte de los estudios la OSA no es adecuada (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Tabla 3</a>). La otra limitación a tener en cuenta es que aunque realizamos “funnel plots” para descartar sesgo de publicación, es posible que este resultado haya que tomarlo con cautela debido al pequeño número de estudios, que no permite aclararlo. Aun así los test de Egger y Beggs fueron no significativos para sesgo de publicación al medirlo en las variables que aparecieron como significativas (insuficiencia respiratoria y analgesia en reposo en el primer día). Pese a estas limitaciones, consideramos que nuestra revisión es útil ya que, en cualquier caso, resume la mejor evidencia existente sobre esta técnica anestésica en diversos tipos de cirugía.</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Concluimos que la anestesia combinada seguida de analgesia postoperatoria por vía epidural, presenta ventajas para los tipos de cirugía analizados porque disminuye los casos de insuficiencia respiratoria y mejora la analgesia al menos en el primer día del postoperatorio.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres173023" "titulo" => array:5 [ 0 => "Resumen" 1 => "Objetivos" 2 => "Material y métodos" 3 => "Resultados" 4 => "Conclusiones" ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec161293" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres173022" "titulo" => array:5 [ 0 => "Summary" 1 => "Objetives" 2 => "Material and methods" 3 => "Results" 4 => "Conclusions" ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec161294" "titulo" => "Key words" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introducción" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Material y métodos" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Estudios seleccionados" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Fuentes de datos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Perfil de búsqueda" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Extracción de datos" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Análisis estadístico" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Resultados" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Mortalidad" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Estancia en el hospital y en la Unidad de Cuidados Críticos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Insuficiencia respiratoria y tiempo de ventilación mecánica" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Variables de morbilidad restantes" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Analgesia" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Discusión" ] 8 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec161293" "palabras" => array:14 [ 0 => "Anestesia inhalatoria" 1 => "Anestesia intravenosa" 2 => "Anestesia general" 3 => "Anestesia epidural" 4 => "Dolor postoperatorio" 5 => "Analgesia epidural" 6 => "Estancia hospitalaria" 7 => "Mortalidad" 8 => "Insuficiencia respiratoria" 9 => "Cirugía cardíaca" 10 => "Cirugía torácica" 11 => "Cirugía abdominal" 12 => "Revisión" 13 => "sistemática" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec161294" "palabras" => array:13 [ 0 => "Inhaled anesthesia" 1 => "Intravenous anesthesia" 2 => "General anesthesia" 3 => "Epidural anesthesia" 4 => "Postoperative pain" 5 => "Epidural analgesia" 6 => "Length of stay" 7 => "Mortality" 8 => "Respiratory failure" 9 => "Cardiac surgery" 10 => "Thoracic surgery" 11 => "Abdominal surgery" 12 => "Systematic review" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos alea-torizados para comparar anestesia combinada general-epidural seguida de analgesia postoperatoria epidural, con anestesia general seguida de analgesia postoperatoria parenteral pero no epidural, en pacientes intervenidos de cirugía toracoabdominal. Resultados valorados: mortalidad, estancia hospitalaria y en la Unidad de Críticos, analgesia y morbilidad.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y métodos</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos electrónicas (MEDLINE, EMBASE, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">The Cochra-ne Controlled Trials Registry</span> y el metaregistro de ensayos clínicos: <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.controlled-trials.com/mrct/mrctinfoes.asp">http://www.controlled-trials.com/mrct/mrct info es.asp</span>). Búsqueda manual a partir de la bibliografía de los artículos. Contacto con autores cuando se juzgó necesario.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizados un total de 30 estudios (4.294 pacientes). La anestesia combinada mostró ventajas significativas en 2 variables: insuficiencia respiratoria, OR (Odds Ratio) = 0,71 con un IC (intervalo de confianza al 95%) de 0,58 a 0,87, y analgesia del primer día de postoperatorio: diferencia ponderada de medias – 6,91 (IC de – 9,46 a – 4,36). En el resto de variables no se encontraron diferencias significativas.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La anestesia combinada aporta mejor analgesia y presenta menos casos de insuficiencia respiratoria en el postoperatorio. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en mortalidad, estancias hospitalarias y otras variables de morbilidad.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Summary" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetives</span><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials to compare combined general-epidural anesthesia, followed by postoperative epidural analgesia, and general anesthesia followed by postoperative parenteral analgesia without epidural analgesia in patients undergoing thoracoabdominal surgery. Outcome measures considered were mortality, length of stay in hospital and in the intensive care unit, analgesia, and morbidity.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We performed a systematic search of online databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry and the metaRegister of clinical trials at <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.controlled-trials.com/mrct/mrctinfoes.asp">http://www.controlled-trials.com/mrct/mrct info es.asp</span>). We also hand-searched the literature. Authors were contacted when deemed necessary.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 30 trials (4294 patients) were analyzed. Combined anesthesia showed significant advantages in relation to 2 variables: respiratory failure (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58 to 0,87) and analgesia on the first day after surgery (weighted mean difference, - 6.91 95% CI, - 9.46 to - 4.36). No significant differences were found in the other variables.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Combined anesthesia provides better analgesia and is associated with fewer cases of postoperative respiratory failure. No significant differences were found in mortality, length of stay in hospital, or other morbidity variables.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:6 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 816 "Ancho" => 1010 "Tamanyo" => 90135 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Metaanálisis de estudios que reportaban insuficiencia respiratoria. Significativamente mejor en el grupo de anestesia combinada OR 0,71 (0,58 a 0,86).</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 722 "Ancho" => 1011 "Tamanyo" => 57387 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Metaanálisis de estudios que reportaban analgesia en reposo en el primer día del postoperatorio. Significativamente mejor en el grupo de anestesia combinada. Diferencia ponderada de medias –6,91 (–9,46 a –4,36).</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Tabla 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Variable \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Definición \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mortalidad precoz \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Muerte producida durante el ingreso. Si se produce tras el alta, es aquella que ocurre en los primeros 30 días de postoperatorio. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mortalidad tardía \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Muerte tras el alta hospitalaria ocurrida entre los días 31 y 365 de postoperatorio. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Estancia en Unidad de Críticos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Los días comprendidos desde el ingreso tras la intervención hasta el traslado a planta de hospitalización. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Estancia hospitalaria \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Son los días trascurridos desde el día de la intervención hasta el alta a domicilio. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Horas de ventilación \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Número de horas transcurridas desde el ingreso en la Unidad de Críticos hasta que el paciente es extubado. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia respiratoria \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Ventilación mecánica que se prolonga más de 24 horas en el postoperatorio y/o necesidad de reintubación o de ventilación mecánica no invasiva. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia cardiaca \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Presencia de signos clínicos y/o radiológicos de edema pulmonar y/o hemodinámicos y/o ecocardiográficos; necesidad de catecolaminas. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Isquemia miocárdica \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Presencia de angor; alteración electrocardiográfica compatible con isquemia sin lesión ni movimiento enzi-mático. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Infarto agudo de miocardio \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Lesión aguda en el ECG o/y alteración enzimática compatible. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia renal aguda \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cualquier valor de la creatinina superior a 1,7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL (si la función renal preoperatoria estaba conservada) o bien un incremento del 10% sobre el valor preoperatorio si padecía insuficiencia renal previa. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Trombosis venosa profunda \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Formación de coágulos en el interior del sistema venoso profundo que se diagnostica por ecografía o flebo-grafía. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Dehiscencia de sutura intestinal \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Paso de contenido intestinal en cualquier cantidad a cavidad peritoneal, asociado con fallo total o parcial de sutura intestinal y/o biliar. \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Número total de complicaciones \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">La suma de las complicaciones objeto de nuestro estudio (pueden coincidir o no con la presentación eventual de esta variable en algún trabajo). \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab266270.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Definición de la las variables</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Tabla 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Autor \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Año \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Razón para la exclusión \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Reinhart<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1989 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No responde a las preguntas de la revisión \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Joachimsson<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1989 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No es un ensayo clínico \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Her<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1990 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No es un ensayo clínico \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Tuman<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1991 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No es un ensayo clínico \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Baron<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1991 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia epidural en ambos grupos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Liem<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1992 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No es un ensayo clínico \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Shir<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1994 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia epidural en ambos grupos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Shir<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1994 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia epidural en ambos grupos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Harukuni<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1995 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia epidural en ambos grupos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Dodds<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1997 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia epidural en ambos grupos \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Handley<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1997 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No se utilizó el catéter para analgesia postoperatoria epidural analgesia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Tavernier<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1998 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No indica cual es el tamaño muestral \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Ozyuvaci<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2005 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No se realiza analgesia epidural postoperatoria \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab266269.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Lista de artículos excluidos del estudio y motivos de su exclusión</p>" ] ] 4 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Tabla 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Autor \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Año \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OSA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tf0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Calidad<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tf0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">†</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N experimental \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N control \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cirugía aorta \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Kataja J<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1991 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Davies MI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1993 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">25 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">25 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Garnet RL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1996 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">48 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">51 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Boylan JF<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1998 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">21 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Norris EJ<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">48 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">39 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cirugía cardiaca \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Liem TH<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1982 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Loick HM<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1999 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">25 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Tenling A<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1999 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Scott NB<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">214 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">206 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Fillinger MP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Priestley MC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Barrington J<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2005 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hansdottir V<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2006 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">58 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">55 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cirugía abdominal \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hendolin H<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1982 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">40 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hjortso NC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1985 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Yeager MP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1987 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">28 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Jayr C<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1988 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">74 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Bredtmann RD<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1990 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">59 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Ryan P<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1992 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">45 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">35 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Jayr C<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1993 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">82 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">81 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Dahl JB<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1994 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Liu S<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1995 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">40 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Broekema AA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1998 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Jorgensen H<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Park WY<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">514 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">507 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Buggy DJ<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">48</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Rigg JR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Sí \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">461 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">454 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Carli F<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">32 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">32 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mann C<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">35 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">35 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Dauri M<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2003 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab266268.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tf0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="np0005">OSA: ocultación de la secuencia de aleatorización.</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tf0010" "etiqueta" => "†" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="np0010">Calidad metodológica basada en los criterios de Jadad.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudios con criterios de inclusión</p>" ] ] 5 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Tabla 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Odds Ratio \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N exp \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">N control \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mortalidad precoz<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14–16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18–22,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1,02 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,69 a 1,52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.847 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.453 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.394 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Mortalidad tardía<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,63 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,11 a 1,15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.192 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">603 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">589 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia respiratoria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11–23</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,71 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,58 a 0,87 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.382 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.703 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.679 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">IMA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14–16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,66 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,41 a 1,07 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.732 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">867 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">865 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Isquemia miocárdica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,67 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,38 a 1,17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.516 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">764 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">752 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia cardiaca<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14–16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,31 a 1,55 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.265 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">634 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">631 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia renal aguda<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1,22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,59 a 2,53 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.420 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">716 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">704 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Trombosis venosa profunda<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,71 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,20 a 2,58 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">353 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">180 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">173 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Dehiscencia de suturas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1,22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0,42 a 3,56 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">330 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">169 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">161 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="6" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">DPM</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tf0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Estancia en Cuidados Críticos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–0,20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–0,72 a 0,31 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">115 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">58 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Estancia hospitalaria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11–13,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–0,18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–0,46 a 0,09 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">632 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">330 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">302 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Tiempo de ventilación mecánica (horas)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–6,84 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–17,02 a 3,33 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">490 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">246 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">244 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia día 1 reposo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–6,91 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–9,46 a –436 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.531 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.184 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.167 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia día 1 tos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–11,44 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–25,03 a 2,15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.124 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">566 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">558 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia día 2 reposo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–2,63 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–7,29 a 2,02 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.270 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">640 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">630 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia día 2 tos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–8,73 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–20,30 a 2,83 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.124 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">566 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">558 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia día 3 reposo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–3,80 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–7,79 a 0,18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.243 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.129 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.114 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Analgesia día 3 tos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,</span></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–3,77 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">–13,36 a 5,83 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">509 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="right" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">503 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab266271.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tf0015" "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="np0015">DPM: Diferencia ponderada de medias.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Resultados</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:54 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." 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