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The prevalence of syphilis is high in HIV-infected men in Istanbul, Turkey.
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The rate of syphilis was found to be significantly higher in MSM HIV infected patients than heterosexual HIV infected patients in Turkey.
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Findings of the study highlight the fact that patients infected with HIV must be screened for syphilis at least annually and must be informed about STDs.
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The use of the RHT significantly increased the frequency of HIV diagnosis.
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Approximately one of three individuals had never tested for HIV previously.
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No access to medical care and irregular condom use associated with no HIV testing.
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Tendency toward a higher HIV prevalence in patients with no prior HIV testing.
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Use of RHT slightly incremented the receipt of confirmatory results.
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64% of cases are confirmed by MAT with the first clinical sample.
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Human cases of leptospirosis are confirmed 21 days after the onset of clinical signs.
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Ballum and Canicola were the most reactive serogroups.
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The confirmation time depends on the distance of the health region from the reference laboratory.
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The number of serogroups that cross-reacted decreased as the disease progressed.
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Bacteremia by Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in a twenty-year-old immunocompetent patient.
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Rough biotype of this strain correlates with intergenic sequence of aln upstream region.
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Treatment with vancomycin plus piperacillin/tazobactam was effective.
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Lemierre's syndrome was discarded.
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Co-occurrence of qnrS and VIM-11 in P. aeruginosa was detected.
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qnrS1 and blaVIM-11 were located in the different plasmids.
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qnrS1 harboring plasmid corresponded to IncR group.
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qnrS1 plasmid was non-conjugative, however it presented an OriT region (transferable plasmid).
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qnrS1 plasmid also carried aminoglycoside resistance genes.
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Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from an artisanal fruit fermented Mexican beverage.
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Lactobacillus pentosus identified as resistant bacteria of some in vitro digestive treatments.
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The microorganisms isolated can be potentially used as starters in fermented milk in order to produce a symbiotic beverage.
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Fusarium, Aspergillus and Alternaria species are isolated in crops from Argentina.
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Fumonisins are mainly detected in maize, wheat and by-products.
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Trichotecenes occurrence is high in wheat, soybean and by-products.
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Ochratoxin A and patulin are the main toxins detected in fruits and by-products.
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Mycotoxin contamination in the food chain represent a toxicological risk for humans.